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The Vienna Don Giovanni (Hardcover)
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The Vienna Don Giovanni (Hardcover)
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In the year following its 1787 Prague premiere, Don Giovanni was
performed in Vienna. Everyone, according to the well-known account
by Da Ponte, thought something was wrong with it. In response,
Mozart made changes, producing a Vienna 'version' of the opera,
cutting two of the original arias but inserting three
newly-composed pieces. The dilemma faced by musicians and scholars
ever since has been whether to preserve the opera in these two
'authentic' forms, or whether to fashion a hybrid text
incorporating the best of both. This study presents new evidence
about the Vienna form of the opera, based on the examination of
late eighteenth-century manuscript copies. The Prague Conservatory
score is identified as the primary exemplar for the Viennese
dissemination of Don Giovanni, which is shown to incorporate two
quite distinct versions, represented by the performing materials in
Vienna (O.A.361) and the early Lausch commercial copy in Florence.
To account for this phenomenon, seen also in early sources of the
Prague Don Giovanni and Cosi fan tutte, a general theory of
transmission for the Mozart Da Ponte operas is proposed, which
clarifies the relationship between the fluid text produced by
re-creation (performing) and the static text generated by
replication (copying). Aspects of the compositional history of Don
Giovanni are uncovered. Evidence to suggest that Mozart first
considered an order in which Donna Elvira's scena precedes the
comic duet 'Per queste tue manine' is assessed. The essential truth
of Da Ponte's account - that the revision of the opera in Vienna
was an interactive process, involving the views of performers, the
reactions of audiences and the composer's responses - seems to be
fully borne out. The final part of the study investigates the late
eighteenth-century transmission of Don Giovanni. The idea that
hybrid versions gained currency only in the nineteenth century or
in the lighter Singspiel tradition is challenged. IAN WOODFIELD is
Professor and Director of Research at the School of Music and Sonic
Arts, Queen's University Belfast.
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