This historic book may have numerous typos, missing text or index.
Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book
(without typos) from the publisher. 1922. Not illustrated. Excerpt:
... CHAPTER XIV THE PARTICLE OF THE ELECTRIC CURRENT TYNDALL'S
treatise on the relations of heat to motion marked an epoch in
physical science: we are now entering upon greatly enlarged views
of motion. In the consideration of the theory of the electric
nature of energy--the electromagnetic theory--we conceive of a
universal ether by means of which the electrodynamic waves travel
through space. This medium is supposed by some to be continuous, by
others to have a grained structure. It is certainly easier to
conceive of a grained structure than of continuous matter: water
seems to be a type of continuity, but we know that it is made up of
molecules or atoms of hydrogen and oxygen. Water is incompressible,
the ether of space is also supposed to be incompressible. Waves of
water travel just as the waves of energy traverse space: a cork on
water moves up and down at right angles to the direction of
propagation of a wave, the undulations of the electrodynamic waves
in the ether are also at right angles to the direction of the
waves. Some think in regarding the movement of waves in water that
the ether may be composed of infinitely small particles which
constitute an ocean. The fluid theories of electricity which
prevailed in Franklin's time had the same idea of continuity that
the present theory of ether has. We have freed ourselves from a
belief in fluid theories and seem to advance to a theory of grained
structure of the ether. We shall see in considering the new subject
of photo-electricity the effeet of ultra-violet light upon
electrical charges that grave doubts are rising in regard to the
continuous nature of the ether. The electromagnetic waves are
revealed in the release of chemical bonds and in the phenomena of
photo-electricity. When an electrical current arise...
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