The number of people incarcerated in the United States has
increased significantly over the past three decades from
approximately 419,000 inmates in 1983 to approximately 1.5 million
inmates in 2013. Concerns about both the economic and social
consequences of the country's growing reliance on incarceration
have led to calls for reforms to the nation's criminal justice
system. There have been legislative proposals to implement a risk
and needs assessment system in federal prisons. The system would be
used to place inmates in rehabilitative programs. Under the
proposed system some inmates would be eligible to earn additional
time credits for participating in rehabilitative programs that
reduce their risk of recidivism. Such credits would allow inmates
to be placed on prerelease custody earlier. The proposed system
would exclude inmates convicted of certain offenses from being
eligible to earn additional time credits. This book provides
information on the use of risk and needs assessment in the criminal
justice system. It starts with an overview of risk and needs
assessment and a discussion of some of the critiques of it, and
also discusses issues policymakers might consider if they debate
legislation to expand the use of risk and needs assessment in the
federal prison system. Moreover, the book reviews mandatory minimum
sentencing legislation in the 114th Congress.
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