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Exemplarist Moral Theory (Hardcover)
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Exemplarist Moral Theory (Hardcover)
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In this book Linda Zagzebski presents an original moral theory
based on direct reference to exemplars of goodness, modeled on the
Putnam-Kripke theory which revolutionized semantics in the
seventies. In Exemplarist Moral Theory, exemplars are identified
through the emotion of admiration, which Zagzebski argues is both a
motivating emotion and an emotion whose cognitive content permits
the mapping of the moral domain around the features of exemplars.
Using examples of heroes, saints, and sages, Zagzebski shows how
narratives of exemplars and empirical work on the most admirable
persons can be incorporated into the theory for both the
theoretical purpose of generating a comprehensive theory, and the
practical purpose of moral education and self-improvement. All
basic moral terms, including "good person," "virtue," "good life,"
"right act," and "wrong act" are defined by the motives, ends,
acts, or judgments of exemplars, or persons like that. The theory
also generates an account of moral learning through emulation of
exemplars, and Zagzebski defends a principle of the division of
moral linguistic labor, which gives certain groups of people in a
linguistic community special functions in identifying the extension
or moral terms, spreading the stereotype associated with the term
through the community, or providing the reasoning supporting
judgments using those terms. The theory is therefore semantically
externalist in that the meaning of moral terms is determined by
features of the world outside the mind of the user, including
features of exemplars and features of the social linguistic network
linking users of the terms to exemplars. The book ends with
suggestions about versions of the theory that are forms of moral
realism, including a version that supports the existence of
necessary a posteriori truths in ethics.
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