Risk, Power and the State addresses how power is exercised in
and by contemporary state organisations. Through a detailed
analysis of programmatic attempts to shape behaviour linked to
considerations of risk, this book pursues the argument that, whilst
Foucault is useful for understanding power, the Foucauldian
tradition with its strands of discourse analysis, of
governmentality studies, or of radical Deleuzian critique suffers
from a lack of clarification on key conceptual issues. Oriented
around four case studies, the architecture of the book devolves
upon the distinction between productive and repressive power. The
first two studies focus on productive power: the management of
long-term unemployment in the public employment service and
cognitive-behavioural interventions in the prison service. Two
further studies concern repressive interventions: the conditions of
incarceration in the prison service and the activity of the customs
service. These studies reveal that power, as conceptualised within
the Foucauldian tradition, must be modified. A more complex notion
of productive power is needed, which covers interventions that
appeal to desires, and which govern both at a distance and at close
range. Additionally, the simplistic paradigm of repressive power is
called into question by the need to consider the organising role of
norms and techniques that circumvent agency. Finally, it is argued,
Foucault's concept of strategies which accounts for the thick web
of administrative directives, organisational routines, and
techniques that simultaneously shape the behaviour of targeted
individuals and members of the organisation requires an
organisational dimension that is often neglected in the Foucauldian
tradition.
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