Globally, local and indigenous approaches to conserving
biodiversity, crop improvement, and managing precious natural
resources are under threat. Many communities have to deal with
'biopiracy, ' for example. As well, existing laws are usually
unsuitable for protecting indigenous and traditional knowledge and
for recognizing collective rights, such as in cases of
participatory plant breeding, where farmers, researchers and others
join forces to improve existing crop varieties or develop new ones,
based on shared knowledge and resources.
This book addresses these issues. It outlines the national and
international policy processes that are currently underway to
protect local genetic resources and related traditional knowledge
and the challenges these initiatives have faced. In particular
these themes are addressed within the context of the Convention of
Biological Diversity and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic
Resources for Food and Agriculture. The authors broaden the policy
and legal debates beyond the sphere of policy experts to include
the knowledge-holders themselves. These are the 'custodians of
biodiversity': farmers, herders and fishers in local communities.
Their experience in sharing access and benefits to genetic
resources is shown to be crucial for the development of effective
national and international agreements. The book presents and
analyzes this experience, including case studies from China, Cuba,
Honduras, Jordan, Nepal, Peru and Syria.
Copublished with the International Development Research Centre
(IDRC).
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