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Giving Aid Effectively - The Politics of Environmental Performance and Selectivity at Multilateral Development Banks (Hardcover)
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Giving Aid Effectively - The Politics of Environmental Performance and Selectivity at Multilateral Development Banks (Hardcover)
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International organizations do not always live up to the
expectations and mandates of their member countries. One of the
best examples of this gap is the environmental performance of
multilateral development banks, which are tasked with allocating
and managing approximately half of all development assistance
worldwide. In the 1980s and 1990s, the multilateral development
banks came under severe criticism for financing projects that
caused extensive deforestation, polluted large urban areas,
displaced millions of people, and destroyed valuable natural
resources. In response to significant and public failures, member
countries established or strengthened administrative procedures,
citizen complaint mechanisms, project evaluation, and strategic
planning processes. All of these reforms intended to close the gap
between the mandates and performance of the multilateral
development banks by shaping the way projects are approved. Giving
Aid Effectively provides a systematic examination of whether these
efforts have succeeded in aligning allocation decisions with
performance. Mark T. Buntaine argues that the most important way to
give aid effectively is selectivity - moving towards projects with
a record of success and away from projects with a record of failure
for individual recipient countries. This book shows that under
certain circumstances, the control mechanisms established to close
the gap between mandate and performance have achieved selectivity.
Member countries prompt the multilateral development banks to give
aid more effectively when they generate information about the
outcomes of past operations and use that information to make less
successful projects harder to approve or more successful projects
easier to approve. This argument is substantiated with the most
extensive analysis of evaluations across four multilateral
development banks ever completed, together with in-depth case
studies and dozens of interviews. More generally, Giving Aid
Effectively demonstrates that member countries have a number of
mechanisms that allow them to manage international organizations
for results.
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