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Sec. 4. Atoms The words "atom" and "atoms" will be often used in
the following pages. Therefore, it is deemed proper to state the
nature and properties of an atom, so far as known. It is denned as:
"An extremely minute particle of matter; a hypothetical particle of
matter, so minute as to admit of no division; an ultimate
indivisible particle of matter. (Cent. Die. 1, p. 365.) The
Encyclopedia Britannica says: "Atom is a body which cannot be cut
in two. The Atonic theory is a theory of the constitution of
bodies, which asserts that they are made up of atoms. (Encyc. Brit.
3, p. 36.) A molecule is the smallest mass of any substance, which
is capable of existing in a separate form; that is the smallest
part, into which the substance can be divided without destroying
its chemical identity. A molecule of any substance is conceived of
as made up of two or more atoms. (Cent. Die. 5, p. 3822.) In
biology a cell is denned, first, as the fundamental form-element of
every organized body. Secondly, as a nucleated, capsulated form
element of any structure or tissue; one of the protoplasmic bodies,
which build up an animal fabric; a body consisting of
cell-substance, cell-wall and cell-nucleus, as bone- cell, etc.
(Cent. Die. 1, p. 878.) The body of every animal and plant is made
of cells; and each cell is composed of many atoms. For a full
discussion of "The Atomic Theory,"see Encyc. Brit. 3, pp. 36-49,
(9th ed.); New Int. Encyc. 13, pp. 683-685. Sec. 5. Cells and Cell
Theory In Biology, the word "cell" denotes the fundamental
form-element of every organized body. It is a bioplastic mass of
protoplasm, varying in size and shape, generally of microscopic
dimensions, capable, under proper conditions, of performing the
functions of sensation, nutrition, reproduction and automatic ...
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