Agriculture requires energy as an important input to production.
Agriculture uses energy directly as fuel or electricity to operate
machinery and equipment, to heat or cool buildings, and for
lighting on the farm, and indirectly in the fertilizers and
chemicals produced off the farm. In 2002, the U.S. agricultural
sector used an estimated 1.7 quadrillion Btu of energy from both
direct (1.1 quadrillion Btu) and indirect (0.6 quadrillion Btu)
sources. However, agriculture's total use of energy is low relative
to other U.S. producing sectors. In 2002, agriculture's share of
total U.S. direct energy consumption was about 1%. Agriculture's
shares of nitrogen and pesticide use ? two of the major indirect
agricultural uses identified by the U.S. Dept of Agriculture (USDA)
? are signficantly higher at about 56% and 67%, respectively.
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