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Ecological Modeling in Risk Assessment - Chemical Effects on Populations, Ecosystems, and Landscapes (Paperback)
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Ecological Modeling in Risk Assessment - Chemical Effects on Populations, Ecosystems, and Landscapes (Paperback)
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Toxic chemicals can exert effects on all levels of the biological
hierarchy, from cells to organs to organisms to populations to
entire ecosystems. However, most risk assessment models express
their results in terms of effects on individual organisms, without
corresponding information on how populations, groups of species, or
whole ecosystems may respond to chemical stressors. Ecological
Modeling in Risk Assessment: Chemical Effects on Populations,
Ecosystems, and Landscapes takes a new approach by compiling and
evaluating models that can be used in assessing risk at the
population, ecosystem, and landscape levels. The authors give an
overview of the current process of ecological risk assessment for
toxic chemicals and of how modeling of populations, ecosystems, and
landscapes could improve the status quo. They present a
classification of ecological models and explain the differences
between population, ecosystem, landscape, and
toxicity-extrapolation models. The authors describe the model
evaluation process and define evaluation criteria. Finally, the
results of the model evaluations are presented in a concise format
with recommendations on modeling approaches to use now and develop
further. The authors present and evaluate various models on the
basis of their realism and complexity, prediction of relevant
assessment endpoints, treatment of uncertainty, regulatory
acceptance, resource efficiency, and other criteria. They provide
models that will improve the ecological relevance of risk
assessments and make data collection more cost-effective.
Ecological Modeling in Risk Assessment serves as a reference for
selecting and applying the best models when performing a risk
assessment.
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