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From Dual to Cooperative Federalism - The Changing Structure of European Law (Paperback)
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From Dual to Cooperative Federalism - The Changing Structure of European Law (Paperback)
Series: Oxford Studies in European Law
Expected to ship within 12 - 19 working days
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What is the federal philosophy inspiring the structure of European
law? The federal principle stands for constitutional arrangements
that find 'unity in diversity'. The two most influential
manifestations of the federal principle emerged under the names of
'dual' and 'cooperative' federalism in the constitutional history
of the United States of America. Dual federalism is based on the
idea that the federal government and the State governments are
co-equals and each is legislating in a separate sphere. Cooperative
federalism, on the other hand, stands for the thought that both
governments legislate in the same sphere. They are hierarchically
arranged and complement each other in solving a social problem. Can
the European Union be understood in federal terms? The book's
general part introduces three constitutional traditions of the
federal idea. Following the American tradition, the European Union
is defined as a Federation of States as it stands on the 'middle
ground' between international and national law. But what federal
philosophy has the European Union followed? The special part of the
book investigates the structure of European law. Three arguments
are advanced to show the evolution of the European legal order from
dual to cooperative federalism. The first looks at the decline of
constitutional exclusivity on the part of the Member States and the
European Union. For almost all objects of government, the Union and
its States operate in a universe of shared powers. The second
argument analyses the decline of legislative exclusivity. European
and national legislation - increasingly - complement each other to
solve a social problem. The third argument describes the
'constitutionalisation' of cooperative federalism in the form of
the principle of subsidiarity and the idea of complementary
competences. A final Chapter is dedicated to Europe's foreign
affairs federalism. It analyses, whether the external sphere must
be regarded as subject to different constitutional or federal
principles. The book concludes that cooperative federalism will
benefit both levels of government - the Union and the Member States
- as the constitutional mechanism of uniform European standards
complemented by diverse national standards best expresses the
federal idea of 'unity in diversity'.
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