Natural disasters, the effects of climate change, and political
upheavals and war have driven tens of millions of people from their
homes and spurred intense debates about how governments and
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) should respond with long-term
resettlement strategies. Many resettlement efforts have focused
primarily on providing infrastructure and have done little to help
displaced people and communities rebuild social structure, which
has led to resettlement failures throughout the world. So what does
it take to transform a resettlement into a successful community?
This book offers the first long-term comparative study of social
outcomes through a case study of two Honduran resettlements built
for survivors of Hurricane Mitch (1998) by two different NGOs.
Although residents of each arrived from the same affected
neighborhoods and have similar demographics, twelve years later one
resettlement wrestles with high crime, low participation, and low
social capital, while the other maintains low crime, a high degree
of social cohesion, participation, and general social health. Using
a multi-method approach of household surveys, interviews,
ethnography, and analysis of NGO and community documents, Ryan
Alaniz demonstrates that these divergent resettlement trajectories
can be traced back to the type and quality of support provided by
external organizations and the creation of a healthy, cohesive
community culture. His findings offer important lessons and
strategies that can be utilized in other places and in future
resettlement policy to achieve the most effective and positive
results.
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