Most people, scholars and laypeople alike, view the judiciary as
the ultimate authority in constitutional questions. Political
scientist Susan Burgess sees things differently.
In "Contest for Constitutional Authority," Burgess shows how
such single-branch supremacy diminishes public understanding of and
participation in constitutional democracy.
Instead, Burgess argues that each branch of government has the
right to interpret the Constitution, and that no branch has the
final authority theory known as "departmental review." In a system
based on departmental review, constitutional interpretation is not
solely a judicial function, but rather a shared dialogue among all
the branches of government as they articulate their positions on
important constitutional issues and respond to opposing arguments.
Through close study of the war powers and abortion debates, Burgess
demonstrates that the practice of departmental review improves the
quality of constitutional debate, deepens "constitutional
consciousness," and enhances respect for the rule of law.
Burgess could hardly have chosen two more dramatic case studies
for this exploration. First, she investigates the constitutional
issues relating to the debates over Roe v. Wade and, in its wake,
the 1981 Human Life Bill, 1985 Abortion Funding Restriction Act,
and contemporaneous court cases. She follows with a comparative
analysis of the constitutional debates that focused on the infamous
1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution and the Persian Gulf crisis of the
late 1980sone prior to and the other after the passage of the 1973
War Powers Act, which requires congressional authorization before
waging war.
In Contest for Constitutional Authority Brugess demonstrates the
considerable potential (and possible drawbacks) of departmental
review for creating a common constitutional language that
transcends the polemical impasses characterizing much current
debate, for recapturing active and thoughtful citizen
participation, and for renewing our faith in the authority of the
constitutional text.
"The author has made a significant contribution to our
understanding of constitutional law.--"Robert Lowry Clinton, author
of "Marbury v. Madison and Judicial Review."
"Focuses the profession's attention on the need to foster
continuing, substantive constitutional debate, which is essential
to a constitutional democracy. This book is free of the 'polemic'
that characterizes much of the abortion and war-powers
controversies. In fact, Burgess's approach to the substantive
issues is very balanced. Her presentation of the war-powers
controversy during the Vietnam era is both interesting and
incisive.--"Edward Keynes, author of "Undeclared War: Twilight Zone
of Constitutional Power and The Court vs. Congress: Prayer, Busing,
and Abortion."
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