Hydroclimatology has emerged as a new discipline in line with
increasing awareness of the connected nature of
land-surface-atmosphere processes. Changes in landuse affect the
atmospheric moisture conditions, not only locally but also at a
continental scale. Similarly, climate change influences river basin
hydrology and water resources. A good understanding of the
atmospheric contribution to the regional water cycle is important
for sound (integrated) water resources planning and management at
river basin scale. The Nile Basin is characterized by increasing
water demands in the downstream areas and high evaporation from the
Upper Nile swamps. This has led to the planning and construction of
river short-cut channels to intercept the water feeding the
wetlands. Despite the importance of the wetlands to the local
environment, and, it is thought, as a supplier of additional Nile
water, its exact hydrology and its interaction with the climate is
largely unknown. This study aims at a better understanding of the
Sudd hydrology in relation to the regional hydroclimatology. The
impact of the Sudd wetland on the Nile hydroclimatology has been
studied by comparing two regional climate model scenarios: the
present climatology, and a drained Sudd scenario. Remote sensing
techniques have been utilized intensively to derive evaporation and
related biophysical properties over the wetlands. The derived
results from this study may also serve as boundary conditions for
related impact assessment models.
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