This book focuses on the historic ramifications of a handful of essential events that shaped the American past. It describes the causes of a select number of epoch-making events and examines the short- and long-term consequences of these critical turning point moments.

Valuable step-by-step introduction to using SAS(R) statistical software as a foundational approach to data analysis and interpretation Presenting a straightforward introduction from the ground up, SAS(R) Essentials illustrates SAS using hands-on learning techniques and numerous real-world examples; keeping different experience levels in mind, the highly qualified author team has developed the book over 25 years of teaching introductory SAS courses. This book introduces data manipulation, statistical techniques, and the SAS programming language, including SAS macros, reporting results in tables, and factor analysis, as well as sections on character functions, variable manipulation, and merging, appending, and updating files. It features self-contained chapters to enhance the learning process and includes programming approaches for the latest version of the SAS platform. The Third Edition has been updated with expanded examples, a new chapter introducing PROC SQL as well as new end-of-chapter exercises. The Third Edition also includes a companion website with data sets, additional code, notes on SAS programming, functions, ODS, PROC SQL, and SAS Arrays, along with solutions for instructors. Specific sample topics covered in SAS(R) Essentials include: Getting data into SAS, reading, writing, and importing data, preparing data for analysis, preparing to use SAS procedures, and controlling output using ODS Techniques for creating, editing, and debugging SAS programs, cleaning up messy data sets, and manipulating data using character, time, and numeric functions. Other essential computational skills that are utilized by business, government, and organizations alike, and DATA step for data management Using PROC to analyze data, including evaluating quantitative data, analyzing counts and tables, comparing means using T-Tests, correlation and regression, and analysis of variance, Nonparametric analysis, logistic regression, factor analysis, and creating custom graphs and reports. SAS(R) Essentials is a fundamental study resource for professionals preparing for the SAS Base Certification Exam, as well as an ideal textbook for courses in statistics, data analytics, applied SAS programming, and statistical computer applications.

Virtually any random process developing chronologically can be viewed as a time series. In economics closing prices of stocks, the cost of money, the jobless rate, and retail sales are just a few examples of many. Developed from course notes and extensively classroom-tested, Applied Time Series Analysis with R, Second Edition includes examples across a variety of fields, develops theory, and provides an R-based software package to aid in addressing time series problems in a broad spectrum of fields. The material is organized in an optimal format for graduate students in statistics as well as in the natural and social sciences to learn to use and understand the tools of applied time series analysis. Features Gives readers the ability to actually solve significant real-world problems Addresses many types of nonstationary time series and cutting-edge methodologies Promotes understanding of the data and associated models rather than viewing it as the output of a "black box" Provides the R package tswge available on CRAN which contains functions and over 100 real and simulated data sets to accompany the book. Extensive help regarding the use of tswge functions is provided in appendices and on an associated website. Over 150 exercises and extensive support for instructors The second edition includes additional real-data examples, uses R-based code that helps students easily analyze data, generate realizations from models, and explore the associated characteristics. It also adds discussion of new advances in the analysis of long memory data and data with time-varying frequencies (TVF).

Virtually any random process developing chronologically can be viewed as a time series. In economics closing prices of stocks, the cost of money, the jobless rate, and retail sales are just a few examples of many. Developed from course notes and extensively classroom-tested, Applied Time Series Analysis with R, Second Edition includes examples across a variety of fields, develops theory, and provides an R-based software package to aid in addressing time series problems in a broad spectrum of fields. The material is organized in an optimal format for graduate students in statistics as well as in the natural and social sciences to learn to use and understand the tools of applied time series analysis. Features Gives readers the ability to actually solve significant real-world problems Addresses many types of nonstationary time series and cutting-edge methodologies Promotes understanding of the data and associated models rather than viewing it as the output of a "black box" Provides the R package tswge available on CRAN which contains functions and over 100 real and simulated data sets to accompany the book. Extensive help regarding the use of tswge functions is provided in appendices and on an associated website. Over 150 exercises and extensive support for instructors The second edition includes additional real-data examples, uses R-based code that helps students easily analyze data, generate realizations from models, and explore the associated characteristics. It also adds discussion of new advances in the analysis of long memory data and data with time-varying frequencies (TVF).