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The book deals with the development of continual models of
turbulent natural media. Such models serve as a ground for the
statement and numerical evaluation of the key problems of the
structure and evolution of the numerous astrophysical and
geophysical objects. The processes of ordering (self-organization)
in an originally chaotic turbulent medium are addressed and treated
in detail with the use of irreversible thermodynamics and
stochastic dynamics approaches which underlie the respective
models. Different examples of ordering set up in the natural
environment and outer space are brought and thoroughly discussed,
the main focus being given to the protoplanetary discs formation
and evolution.
Space exploration and advanced astronomy have dramatically expanded
our knowledge of outer space and made it possible to study the
indepth mechanisms underlying various natural phenomena caused by
complex interaction of physical-chemical and dynamical processes in
the universe. Huge breakthroughs in astrophysics and the planetary
s- ences have led to increasingly complicated models of such media
as giant molecular clouds giving birth to stars, protoplanetary
accretion disks associated with the solar system's formation,
planetary atmospheres and circumplanetary space. The creation of
these models was promoted by the development of basic approaches in
modern - chanics and physics paralleled by the great advancement in
the computer sciences. As a result, numerous multidimensional
non-stationary problems involving the analysis of evolutionary
processes can be investigated using wide-range numerical
experiments. Turbulence belongs to the most widespread and, at the
same time, the most complicated natural phenomena, related to the
origin and development of organized structures (- dies of different
scale) at a definite flow regime of fluids in essentially
non-linear - drodynamic systems. This is also one of the most
complex and intriguing sections of the mechanics of fluids. The
direct numerical modeling of turbulent flows encounters large
mathematical difficulties, while the development of a general
turbulence theory is hardly possible because of the complexity of
interacting coherent structures. Three-dimensional non-steady
motions arise in such a system under loss of la- nar flow stability
defined by the critical value of the Reynolds number.
The book deals with the development of continual models of
turbulent natural media. Such models serve as a ground for the
statement and numerical evaluation of the key problems of the
structure and evolution of the numerous astrophysical and
geophysical objects. The processes of ordering (self-organization)
in an originally chaotic turbulent medium are addressed and treated
in detail with the use of irreversible thermodynamics and
stochastic dynamics approaches which underlie the respective
models. Different examples of ordering set up in the natural
environment and outer space are brought and thoroughly discussed,
the main focus being given to the protoplanetary discs formation
and evolution.
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