This book contains 58 papers from among the 68 papers presented at the Fifth International Conference on Fibonacci Numbers and Their Applications which was held at the University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland from July 20 to July 24, 1992. These papers have been selected after a careful review by well known referees in the field, and they range from elementary number theory to probability and statistics. The Fibonacci numbers and recurrence relations are their unifying bond. It is anticipated that this book, like its four predecessors, will be useful to research workers and graduate students interested in the Fibonacci numbers and their applications. June 5, 1993 The Editors Gerald E. Bergum South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota, U.S.A. Alwyn F. Horadam University of New England Armidale, N.S.W., Australia Andreas N. Philippou Government House Z50 Nicosia, Cyprus xxv THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEES LOCAL COMMITTEE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE Campbell, Colin M., Co-Chair Horadam, A.F. (Australia), Co-Chair Phillips, George M., Co-Chair Philippou, A.N. (Cyprus), Co-Chair Foster, Dorothy M.E. Ando, S. (Japan) McCabe, John H. Bergum, G.E. (U.S.A.) Filipponi, P. (Italy) O'Connor, John J.

This book contains nineteen papers from among the twenty-five papers presented at the Second International Conference on Fibonacci Numbers and Their Applications. These papers have been selected after a careful review by well known referee's in the field, and they range from elementary number theory to probability and statistics. The Fibonacci numbers are their unifying bond. It is anticipated that this book will be useful to research workers and graduate students interested in the Fibonacci numbers and their applications. October 1987 The Editors Gerald E. Bergum South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota, U.S.A. Andreas N. Philippou University of Patras Patras, Greece Alwyn F. Horadam University of New England Armidale, N.S.W., Australia xiii THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEES LOCAL COMMITTEE INTERN A TIONAL COMMITTEE Bergum, G., Chairman Philippou, A. (Greece), Chairman Edgar, H., Co-chalrman Horadam, A. (Australia), Co-chalrman Bergum, G. (U.s.A.) Thoro, D. Kiss, P. (Hungary) Johnson, M. Long, C. (U.S.A.) Lange, L.

This volume presents the Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Fibonacci Numbers and their Applications, held in Rochester, New York, in June 1998. All papers have been carefully refereed for content and originality and represent a continuation of the work of previous conferences. This book, describing recent discoveries and encouraging future research, shows the growing interest in and the importance of the pure and applied aspects of Fibonacci Numbers in many different areas of science. Audience: This volume will be of interest to graduate students and research mathematicians whose work involves number theory, combinatorics, algebraic number theory, field theory and polynomials, finite geometry and special functions.

This book contains thirty-six papers from among the forty-five papers presented at the Third International Conference on Fibonacci Numbers and Their Applications which was held in Pisa, Italy from July 25 to July 29, 1988 in honor of Leonardo de Pisa. These papers have been selected after a careful review by well known referees in the field, and they range from elementary number theory to probability and statistics. The Fibonacci numbers are their unifying bond. It is anticipated that this book, like its two predecessors, will be useful to research workers and graduate students interested in the Fibonacci numbers and their applications. August 1989 The Editors Gerald E. Bergum South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota, U. S. A. Andreas N. Philippou Ministry of Education Nicosia, Cyprus Alwyn F. Horadam University of New England Armidale N. S. W. , Australia xv THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEES LOCAL COMMITTEE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE Dvornicich, Roberto, Chairman Horadam, A. F. (Australia), Co-chairman Filipponi, Piero Philippou, A. N. (Cyprus), Co-chairman Perelli, Alberto Ando, S. (Japan) Viola, Carlo Bergum, G. E. (U. S. A. ) Zannier, Umberto Johnson, M. B. (U. S. A. ) Kiss, P. (Hungary) Tijdeman, Robert (The Netherlands) Tognetti, K. (Australia) XVII LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO THE CONFERENCE' ADLER, I. , RR 1, Box 532, North Bennington, VT 05257-9748. "Separating the Biological from the Mathematical Aspects of Phyllotaxis. " *AKRITAS, A. G. , (coauthor P. G. Bradford). "The Role of the Fibonacci Sequence in the Isolation of the Real Roots of Polynomial Equations.

This book contains 50 papers from among the 95 papers presented at the Seventh International Conference on Fibonacci Numbers and Their Applications which was held at the Institut Fiir Mathematik, Technische Universitiit Graz, Steyrergasse 30, A-SOlO Graz, Austria, from July 15 to July 19, 1996. These papers have been selected after a careful review by well known referees in the field, and they range from elementary number theory to probability and statistics. The Fibonacci numbers and recurrence relations are their unifying bond. It is anticipated that this book, like its six predecessors, will be useful to research workers and graduate students interested in the Fibonacci numbers and their applications. September 1, 1997 The Editors Gerald E. Bergum South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota, U. S. A. Alwyn F. Horadam University of New England Armidale, N. S. W. , Australia Andreas N. Philippou House of Representatives Nicosia, Cyprus xxvii THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEES LOCAL COMMITTEE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE Tichy, Robert, Chairman Horadam, A. F. (Australia), Co-Chair Prodinger, Helmut, Co-Chairman Philippou, A. N. (Cyprus), Co-Chair Grabner, Peter Bergurt:t, G. E. (U. S. A. ) Kirschenhofer, Peter Filipponi, P. (Italy) Harborth, H. (Germany) Horibe, Y. (Japan) Johnson, M. (U. S. A. ) Kiss, P. (Hungary) Phillips, G. M. (Scotland) Turner, J. (New Zealand) Waddill, M. E. (U. S. A. ) xxix LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO THE CONFERENCE *ADELBERG, ARNOLD, "Higher Order Bernoulli Polynomials and Newton Polygons. " AMMANN, ANDRE, "Associated Fibonacci Sequences. " *ANDERSON, PETER G. , "The Fibonacci Shuffle Tree.

A Fibonacci-Based Pseudo-Random Number Generator.- On the Proof of GCD and LCM Equalities Concerning the Generalized Binomial and Multinomial Coefficients.- Supercube.- A Note on Fundamental Properties of Recurring Series.- Period Patterns of Certain Second-Order Linear Recurrences Modulo A Prime.- Nearly Isosceles Triangles Where the Vertex Angle Is a Multiple of the Base Angle.- The Ring of Fibonacci (Fibonacci "Numbers" With Matrix Subscript).- One-Relator Products of Cyclic Groups and Fibonacci-Like Sequences.- A Generalization of the Fibonacci Search.- Pascal's Triangle: Top Gun or Just One of the Gang?.- Conversion of Fibonacci Identities into Hyperbolic Identities Valid for an Arbitrary Argument.- Derivative Sequences of Fibonacci and Lucas Polynomials.- A Carry Theorem for Rational Binomial Coefficients.- On Co-Related Sequences Involving Generalized Fibonacci Numbers.- Fibonacci and B-Adic Trees in Mosaic Graphs.- Fibonacci Representations of Graphs.- On the Sizes of Elements in the Complement of a Submonoid of Integers.- Genocchi Polynomials.- An Application of Zeckendorf's Theorem.- A New Kind of Golden Triangle.- Terms Common to Two Sequences Satisfying the Same Linear Recurrence.- Recurrence Relations in Exponential Functions and in Damped Sinusoids and Their Applications in Electronics.- Some Basic Properties of the Fibonacci Line-Sequence.- De Moivre-Type Identities for the Tetrabonacci Numbers.- Two Generalizations of Gould's Star of David Theorem.- On Triangular Lucas Numbers.- A Fast Algorithm of the Chinese Remainder Theorem and Its Application to Fibonacci Numbers.- Generating the Pythagorean Triples Via Simple Continued Fractions.- On the Moebius Knot Tree and Euclid's Algorithm.- Generalized Fibonacci and Lucas Factorizations.- On Even Fibonacci Pseudoprimes.- Possible Restricted Periods of Certain Lucas Sequences Modulo P.- Using Matrix Techniques to Establish Properties of a Generalized Tribonacci Sequence.

This book contains thirty-six papers from among the forty-five papers presented at the Third International Conference on Fibonacci Numbers and Their Applications which was held in Pisa, Italy from July 25 to July 29, 1988 in honor of Leonardo de Pisa. These papers have been selected after a careful review by well known referees in the field, and they range from elementary number theory to probability and statistics. The Fibonacci numbers are their unifying bond. It is anticipated that this book, like its two predecessors, will be useful to research workers and graduate students interested in the Fibonacci numbers and their applications. August 1989 The Editors Gerald E. Bergum South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota, U. S. A. Andreas N. Philippou Ministry of Education Nicosia, Cyprus Alwyn F. Horadam University of New England Armidale N. S. W. , Australia xv THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEES LOCAL COMMITTEE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE Dvornicich, Roberto, Chairman Horadam, A. F. (Australia), Co-chairman Filipponi, Piero Philippou, A. N. (Cyprus), Co-chairman Perelli, Alberto Ando, S. (Japan) Viola, Carlo Bergum, G. E. (U. S. A. ) Zannier, Umberto Johnson, M. B. (U. S. A. ) Kiss, P. (Hungary) Tijdeman, Robert (The Netherlands) Tognetti, K. (Australia) XVII LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO THE CONFERENCE' ADLER, I. , RR 1, Box 532, North Bennington, VT 05257-9748. "Separating the Biological from the Mathematical Aspects of Phyllotaxis. " *AKRITAS, A. G. , (coauthor P. G. Bradford). "The Role of the Fibonacci Sequence in the Isolation of the Real Roots of Polynomial Equations.

This book contains 58 papers from among the 68 papers presented at the Fifth International Conference on Fibonacci Numbers and Their Applications which was held at the University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland from July 20 to July 24, 1992. These papers have been selected after a careful review by well known referees in the field, and they range from elementary number theory to probability and statistics. The Fibonacci numbers and recurrence relations are their unifying bond. It is anticipated that this book, like its four predecessors, will be useful to research workers and graduate students interested in the Fibonacci numbers and their applications. June 5, 1993 The Editors Gerald E. Bergum South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota, U.S.A. Alwyn F. Horadam University of New England Armidale, N.S.W., Australia Andreas N. Philippou Government House Z50 Nicosia, Cyprus xxv THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEES LOCAL COMMITTEE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE Campbell, Colin M., Co-Chair Horadam, A.F. (Australia), Co-Chair Phillips, George M., Co-Chair Philippou, A.N. (Cyprus), Co-Chair Foster, Dorothy M.E. Ando, S. (Japan) McCabe, John H. Bergum, G.E. (U.S.A.) Filipponi, P. (Italy) O'Connor, John J.

This book contains 50 papers from among the 95 papers presented at the Seventh International Conference on Fibonacci Numbers and Their Applications which was held at the Institut Fiir Mathematik, Technische Universitiit Graz, Steyrergasse 30, A-SOlO Graz, Austria, from July 15 to July 19, 1996. These papers have been selected after a careful review by well known referees in the field, and they range from elementary number theory to probability and statistics. The Fibonacci numbers and recurrence relations are their unifying bond. It is anticipated that this book, like its six predecessors, will be useful to research workers and graduate students interested in the Fibonacci numbers and their applications. September 1, 1997 The Editors Gerald E. Bergum South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota, U. S. A. Alwyn F. Horadam University of New England Armidale, N. S. W. , Australia Andreas N. Philippou House of Representatives Nicosia, Cyprus xxvii THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEES LOCAL COMMITTEE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE Tichy, Robert, Chairman Horadam, A. F. (Australia), Co-Chair Prodinger, Helmut, Co-Chairman Philippou, A. N. (Cyprus), Co-Chair Grabner, Peter Bergurt:t, G. E. (U. S. A. ) Kirschenhofer, Peter Filipponi, P. (Italy) Harborth, H. (Germany) Horibe, Y. (Japan) Johnson, M. (U. S. A. ) Kiss, P. (Hungary) Phillips, G. M. (Scotland) Turner, J. (New Zealand) Waddill, M. E. (U. S. A. ) xxix LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO THE CONFERENCE *ADELBERG, ARNOLD, "Higher Order Bernoulli Polynomials and Newton Polygons. " AMMANN, ANDRE, "Associated Fibonacci Sequences. " *ANDERSON, PETER G. , "The Fibonacci Shuffle Tree.

This book contains thirty-three papers from among the thirty-eight papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Fibonacci Numbers and Their Applications which was held at Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina from July 30 to August 3, 1990. These papers have been selected after a careful review by well known referees in the field, and they range from elementary number theory to probability and statistics. The Fibonacci numbers and recurrence relations are their unifying bond. It is anticipated that this book, like its three predecessors, will be useful to research workers and graduate students interested in the Fibonacci numbers and their applications. March 1, 1991 The Editors Gerald E. Bergum South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota, U. S. A. Alwyn F. Horadam University of New England Armidale, N. S. W. , Australia Andreas N. Philippou Minister of Education Ministry of Education Nicosia, Cyprus xv THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEES LOCAL COMMITTEE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE Howard, Fred T. , Co-Chair Horadam, A. F. (Australia), Co-Chair Waddill, Marcellus E. , Co-Chair Philippou, A. N. (Cyprus), Co-Chair Hayashi, Elmer K. Ando, S. (Japan) Bergum, G. E. (U. S. A. ) Vaughan, Theresa Harrell, Deborah Bicknell-Johnson, M. B. (U. S. A. ) Campbell, Colin (Scotland) Filipponi, Piero (Italy) Kiss, P. (Hungary) Turner, J. C. (New Zealand) xvii LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO THE CONFERENCE *ALFORD, CECIL 0. , (coauthor Daniel C. Fielder) "Pascal's Triangle: Top Gun or Just One of the Gang?" *ANDERSON, PETER G. , "A Fibonacci-Based Pseudo-Random Number Generator.

This book contains 43 papers form among the 55 papers presented at the Sixth International Conference on Fibonacci Numbers and Their Applications which was held at Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, from July 18-22, 1994. These papers have been selected after a careful review by well known referees in the field, and they range from elementary number theory to probability and statistics. The Fibonacci numbers and recurrence relations are their unifying bond. It is anticipated that this book, like its five predecessors, will be useful to research workers and graduate students interested in the Fibonacci numbers and their applications. October 30, 1995 The Editors Gerald E. Bergum South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota, U.S.A. Alwyn F. Horadam University of New England Armidale, N.S.W., Australia Andreas N. Philippou 26 Atlantis Street Aglangia, Nicosia Cyprus xxi THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEES LOCAL COMMITTEE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE Long, Calvin T., Co-Chair Horadam, A.F. (Australia), Co-Chair Webb, William A., Co-Chair Philippou, A.N. (Cyprus), Co-Chair Burke, John Ando, S. (Japan) DeTemple, Duane W.

This book contains nineteen papers from among the twenty-five papers presented at the Second International Conference on Fibonacci Numbers and Their Applications. These papers have been selected after a careful review by well known referee's in the field, and they range from elementary number theory to probability and statistics. The Fibonacci numbers are their unifying bond. It is anticipated that this book will be useful to research workers and graduate students interested in the Fibonacci numbers and their applications. October 1987 The Editors Gerald E. Bergum South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota, U.S.A. Andreas N. Philippou University of Patras Patras, Greece Alwyn F. Horadam University of New England Armidale, N.S.W., Australia xiii THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEES LOCAL COMMITTEE INTERN A TIONAL COMMITTEE Bergum, G., Chairman Philippou, A. (Greece), Chairman Edgar, H., Co-chalrman Horadam, A. (Australia), Co-chalrman Bergum, G. (U.s.A.) Thoro, D. Kiss, P. (Hungary) Johnson, M. Long, C. (U.S.A.) Lange, L.

It isn't that they can't see the solution. It is Approach your problems from the right end and begin with the answers. Then one day, that they can't see the problem. perhaps you will find the final question. O. K. Chesterton. The Scandal of Father 'The Hermit Clad in Crane Feathers' in R. Brown 'The point of a Pin'. van Oulik's The Chinese Maze Murders. Growing specialization and diversification have brought a host of monographs and textbooks on increasingly specialized topics. However, the "tree" of knowledge of mathematics and related fields does not grow only by putting forth new branches. It also happens, quite often in fact, that branches which were thought to be completely disparate are suddenly seen to be related. Further, the kind and level of sophistication of mathematics applied in various sciences has changed drastically in recent years: measure theory is used (non trivially) in regional and theoretical economics; algebraic geometry interacts with physics; the Minkowsky lemma, coding theory and the structure of water meet one another in packing and covering theory; quantum fields, crystal defects and mathematical programming profit from homotopy theory; Lie algebras are relevant to filtering; and prediction and electrical engineering can use Stein spaces. And in addition to this there are such new emerging subdisciplines as "experimental mathematics," "CFD," "completely integrable systems," "chaos, synergetics and large-scale order," which are almost impossible to fit into the existing classification schemes. They draw upon widely different sections of mathematics."