In a world where there is a growing awareness of the possible effects of human activities on climate change, there is a need to identify the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). As a result of this growing awareness, governments started to implement regulations that require water authorities to report their GHG emissions. With these developments there exists a strong need for adequate insight into the emissions of N2O and CH4. With this insight water authorities would be able to estimate and finally reduce their emissions. The overall objectives of the different research programs performed by partners of the GWRC members WERF (United States of America), WSAA (Australia), CIRSEE-Suez (France) and STOWA (the Netherlands) were: To define the origin of N2O emission. To understand the formation processes of N2O. To identify the level of CH4 emissions from wastewater collection and treatment systems. To evaluate the use of generic emission factors to estimate the emission of N2O from individual plants

Apes, they arouse very special feelings in many people because they are so similar to us. When we look into their eyes, we can feel the closeness to our own species. This is exactly the emotion conveyed in the coffee-table book Face to Face by Anup Shah and Fiona Rogers. In 60 fascinating photo portraits, the two nature photographers show chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans and bonobos in close-ups taken in the animals' natural environment. For this, the renowned and multi-award-winning wildlife photographers lived together with the apes in the jungle for a long time and built up an intimate relationship of trust. Only in this way was it possible to capture these intimate portraits of the wild animals. In addition to the unique nature photography, the high-quality coffee table book also offers a lot of exciting background information on the history of the photographs. The individual photos are framed by interesting accounts of Anup's and Fiona's experiences during their lives with the animals. In wonderful stories, the two tell of the different characters of the animals photographed and thus give the reader hidden insights into the species of the great apes. 

This is the visual story of life in Maasai Mara, Kenya, wild home of African big game and one of the world's most famous wildlife reserves. Anup Shah's distinctive style of photography propels the reader into the middle of this evocative land and its resident animals, immediately and intimately. The Mara reveals a magnificent stage for the performance of life. The drama is driven by the rhythm of the seasons, from the start of new life at the end of the rainy season, through to the hardships endured during the long, dry season. The images capture anger, death, hope, arrivals, and departures, and provide a startlingly fresh and rarely seen view of life in this popular reserve. The images are accompanied by thought-provoking captions which describe the breathtaking land that Anup experienced first-hand during trips to the Mara between 2011 and 2015. Now the reader can experience the essence and wonder of Mara life with this astounding volume.

National parks and game reserves are under threat from exploitation by tourists and by people living on their borders. Parks, although highly valued by conservationists, are not protected from unregulated economic behaviour within and outside their borders.In The Economics of Third World National Parks, Anup Shah argues that parks and reserves are worth preserving, rigorously analyses the problem and advocates solutions drawing on a wide range of sources. Issues discussed include the effects of economic activity on a national park, the tourist problem, valuing a national park and the use of cost-benefit decision making. Dr Shah uses economic analysis to explore institutional arrangements which would compensate for externalities resulting from exploitation and over-use by tourists and local communities. The price mechanism, he argues, is not a satisfactory tool with which to protect areas of rich bio-diversity. The Economics of Third World National Parks presents a clear and thoughtful application of economic thought, and especially the concept of externalities, to a key problem which current institutional structures seem unable to resolve.

Current population growth is leading to a depletion in natural resources and could eventually cause irreversible damage to the environment. This book attempts to explain trends in the growth of the global population and the ecological consequences by blending the insights of analytical economics and behavioural ecology.The book begins by looking at population from a long term perspective and considers the ecological influences before going on to examine the economics of population growth. Reproduction decisions of the family are then analysed, and the welfare effect of these decisions on society as a whole are considered. Anup Shah pays particular attention to policies which could try to prevent or cure overpopulation. He asks whether there is a case for intervening in order to prevent overpopulation, and suggests that one way of reducing the effects of population growth is through technological advances which can help compensate for the adverse external effects. Finally, he examines the future of urban centres in the light of population growth. The book is written from a multidisciplinary approach and will have a wide readership throughout the social sciences. It will have particular appeal for economists, geographers, earth scientists, ecologists, environmentalists and those working in the area of development studies.

Africa is a complex and diverse continent, and its more than 50 countries provide a study in contrasts: democracy and despotism, immense wealth and crushing poverty, modernism and traditionalism, peaceful communities and raging civil wars. The books in this series take a close look at many of the major issues in Africa today, such as AIDS, poverty, government corruption, ethnic and religious tension, educational opportunities, and overcrowding.