This book presents a comprehensive and coherent picture of how molecules diffuse across a liquid that is, on average, only two molecules thick. It begins by characterizing bilayers structurally, using X-ray diffraction, and then mechanically by measuring elastic moduli and mechanisms of failure. Emphasis is placed on the stability and mechanical properties of plant membranes that are subject to very large osmotic and thermal stresses. Using this information, the transport of molecules of increasing complexity across bilayers is analyzed.

Electroporation is an efficient method to introduce macromolecules such as DNA into a wide variety of cells. Electrofusion results in the fusion of cells and can be used to produce genetic hybrids or hybridoma cells.
Guide to Electroporation and Electrofusion is designed to serve the needs of students, experienced researchers, and newcomers to the field. It is a comprehensive manual that presents, in one source, up-to-date, easy-to-follow protocols necessary for efficient electroporation and electrofusion of bacteria, yeast, and plant and animal cells, as well as background information to help users optimize their results through comprehension of the principles behind these techniques.
Key Features
* Covers fundamentals of electroporation and electrofusion in detail
* Molecular events
* Mechanisms
* Kinetics
* Gives extensive practical information
* The latest applications
* Controlling parameters to maximize efficiency
* Available instrumentation
* Presents applications of electroporation and electrofusion in current research situations
* State-of-the-art modifications to electrical pulses and generators
* Application of electroporation and electrofusion to unique, alternative cell and tissue types
* Gives straightforward, detailed, easy-to-follow protocols for
* Formation of human hybridomas
* Introduction of genetic material into plant cells and pollen
* Transfection of mammalian cells
* Transformation of bacteria, plants, and yeast
* Production of altered embryos
* Optimization of electroporation by using reporter genes
* Comprehensive and up-to-date
* Convenient bench-top format
* Approximately 125 illustrations complement the text
* Complete references with article titles
* Written by leading authorities in electroporation and electrofusion