Algae Biotechnology: Integrated Algal Engineering for Bioenergy, Bioremediation, and Biomedical Applications covers key applications of algae for bioenergy and how to integrate the production of biofuels with environmental, nutraceutical and biomedical processes and products. The book emphasizes cost-effective biofuels production through integrated biorefinery, combining continuous processes and various algae as feedstock to produce biofuel, bioenergy and various high value biochemicals. Novel algal culturing technologies and bioprocess engineering techniques are provided for the optimization of operational approaches for commercial-scale production, as well as to reduce the overall costs. New and existing molecular methods for genetic and metabolic engineering of algae are also presented. Furthermore, methods for the optimization of existing biochemical pathways are explained, and new pathways are introduced, in order to maximize the potential for biofuels production and related nutraceutical and biomedical co-products. This book provides an ideal roadmap for bioenergy researchers and engineers who want to incorporate valuable nutraceutical and biomedical products and environmental practices into the production of biofuels.

This volume discusses the need to adopt Climate-Resilient Agriculture (CRA) practices to address the increasing global impact that climate change has on agricultural productivity and agriculture-dependent communities. This approach applies technological, policy and economic measures to achieve sustainable agricultural growth in the sectors of grain, fruit, vegetable, fiber, feed, livestock, fisheries and forestry, with the ultimate goal of adapting and building resilience to climate change. The book also uses GIS, crop modeling and remote sensing techniques for future climate resilience applications in agriculture, and covers pest control measures that avoid the use of pesticides to boost crop and livestock productivity for improved food security. The book will be of interest to researchers and students in environmental science, climate science, sustainability and agriculture, as well as policy makers and environmental organizations.

A field experiment was conducted at the agronomic research area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, in order to study the effect of different levels of nitrogen and magnesium on growth, yield and quality of hybrid maize (Cargil 707). The crop was sown in 70 cm spaced rows, while plant to plant distance was maintained at 15 cm with the help of the Dibbler. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replication using a net plot size of 3.5 x 7.5 m. Experimental treatments comprised of (T0); 0-0, (T1); 100 kg N + 10 kg Mg, (T2); 100 kg N + 15 kg Mg, (T3); 150 kg N + 10 kg Mg, (T4); 150 kg N + 15 kg Mg, (T5); 200 kg N + 10 kg Mg, (T6); 200 kg N + 15 kg Mg per hectare. The source of N and Mg was urea and MgCl2, respectively. Recommended doses of P2O5 and K2 O at the rate of 100 kg per hector of each in the form DAP and KCl, respectively were used as a basal dose. The crop was planted on autumn & harvested in the month of December and the data was recorded by using the standard procedures.

Web browsing posses a major share among the activities on the Internet. Heavy usage of web browsing makes the Web Quality of Experience (QoE) one of the critical factor in deciding the overall success of network services. Amongst others, Web QoE can be effected by the delays in network that can result in higher application download times. An effort has been made to map applications level download times to Quality of Experience. A subjective analysis on how the user takes into account the domain of web browsing has been carried out. For this purpose a testbed was developed at Blekinge Institute of Technology on which different users were tested. Specific sequences of delays were introduced on the network which resulted in desired application download times. Regression analysis was performed and a mapping between user QoE and application download times was carried out. Based on the results conclusions were made which are presented here.