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This textbook consists primarily of notes by Iain Finnie who taught
a popular course on fracture mechanics at the University of
California at Berkeley. It presents a comprehensive and detailed
exposition of fracture, the fundamentals of fracture mechanics and
procedures for the safe design of engineering components made from
metal alloys, brittle materials like glasses and ceramics, and
composites. Interesting and practical problems are listed at the
end of most chapters to give the student practice in applying the
theory. A solutions manual is provided to the instructor. The text
presents a unified perspective of fracture with a strong
fundamental foundation and practical applications. In addition to
its role as a text, this reference would be invaluable for the
practicing engineer who is involved in the design and evaluation of
components that are fracture critical. This book also: Presents
details of derivations of the basic equations of fracture mechanics
and the historical context of the development of fracture theory
and methodology Treats linear and nonlinear fracture mechanics
methodologies beginning with a review of the basic equations of
solid mechanics followed by solutions useful in fracture prediction
Illustrates the basis of linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM),
practical applications of LEFM in the design of fracture-tolerant
structural components Offers interesting, practical, classroom
proven problems at the end of most chapters Includes instructor's
solutions manual
Current cameras are poor imitations of the human eye and close
descen dants in their design of ideas and a technology that are
more than a century old. People in computer vision have
traditionally used off-the-shelf cameras that were not meant for
the uses they were intended for by these researchers: off-the-shelf
cameras are designed to capture images to be printed on paper or
looked at on a television screen, not for guiding robots or making
3D models of the environment or even surveilling a large area where
very large field of views, high geometric and photometric
accuracies are necessary. Quite a significant part of the efforts
in computer vision has been targeted at overcoming algorithmically
these problems. The authors of this book convince us that it is
possible to abandon the traditional route of using standard cameras
and to follow the path of designing new cameras explicitly for
solving the tasks at hand in computer vision applications. This
leads to different design concepts and allows to alleviate many of
the difficulties encountered in the processing of the images taken
with the "traditional" cameras."
Since computer vision¿s humble beginnings in the 1960s, a substantial amount of related research has been biologically inspired, using the human eye and visual perception as a model from which to work. Panoramic vision is a subset of computer vision that focuses on the creation and analysis of images with unusually wide fields of view that extend far beyond a single camera snapshot. It has broad implications for commercial and web-based multimedia applications, such as games, virtual reality, surveillance, and teleconferencing. This volume collects the works of researchers who have worked extensively in the field and covers a wide array of topics in this promising new area. In addition to providing a concise historical perspective on panoramic imaging, the book features representative sections on the design of panoramic image capturing systems, the theory involved in the imaging process, software techniques for creating panoramic images, and applications that use panoramic images. It will help readers to understand the more technical aspects of panoramic vision, such as sensor design and imaging techniques. Interest in panoramic vision will only increase over time, as faster computers and larger bandwidth become available and as specialized cameras become cheaper through economies of scale. Researchers and professionals in computer vision, imaging and robotics (machine vision) will find the book an authoritative and indispensable resource for panoramic vision concepts and methods.
Neurocomputing is at the centre of multidisciplinary research ,
which involves computations by biological neural networks and those
by artificial neural networks. Topics include vision, signal and
pattern processing, learning, neurodynamics, associative memory,
hardware and so on in the networks. This new and important book
presents new research in the field.
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerned with the
study of vectors, vector spaces (also called linear spaces), linear
maps (also called linear transformations), and systems of linear
equations. Vector spaces are a central theme in modern mathematics;
thus, linear algebra is widely used in both abstract algebra and
functional analysis. Linear algebra also has a concrete
representation in analytic geometry and it is generalised in
operator theory. It has extensive applications in the natural
sciences and the social sciences, since non-linear models can often
be approximated by linear ones.
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