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Three days in Madison have thoroughly modified my view on
clostridial neurotoxins. While still realizing the numerous
activating, modifying and protective inputs, I cannot judge the
meaningfulness of the meeting impartially. Neither may the reader
expect a complete summary of all presentations. Collected in this
volume, they speak for themselves without requiring an arbiter.
Instead I shall write down my very personal opinions as a
researcher who has studied clostridial neurotoxins for nearly 25
years. Comparable conferences have been rare during this time. A
comprehensive symposium 4 on C. botulinum neurotoxins has been
organized at Ft. Detrick. International conferences on tetanus have
been held regularly under the auspices of the Wodd Health
Organization. One or maximally two days of these meetings have been
devoted to tetanus toxin and its actions whereas the sponsor and
the majority of the participants have been interested mainly in
epidemiology, prevention and treatment of tetanus as a disease (see
refs. 5,6). Some aspects of clostridial neurotoxins have been
addressed in the context of bacterial toxins, in particular in the
biennial European workshops. 1-3,7,8 The Madison meeting differed
from the previous ones in three aspects. First, it covered both
tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins. The fusion was justified because
of their huge similarities in primary structure, in their mode of
action and in their cellular targets. Second, the meeting was not
limited to toxins but drew some lines on which modern neurobiology
might proceed.
Three days in Madison have thoroughly modified my view on
clostridial neurotoxins. While still realizing the numerous
activating, modifying and protective inputs, I cannot judge the
meaningfulness of the meeting impartially. Neither may the reader
expect a complete summary of all presentations. Collected in this
volume, they speak for themselves without requiring an arbiter.
Instead I shall write down my very personal opinions as a
researcher who has studied clostridial neurotoxins for nearly 25
years. Comparable conferences have been rare during this time. A
comprehensive symposium 4 on C. botulinum neurotoxins has been
organized at Ft. Detrick. International conferences on tetanus have
been held regularly under the auspices of the Wodd Health
Organization. One or maximally two days of these meetings have been
devoted to tetanus toxin and its actions whereas the sponsor and
the majority of the participants have been interested mainly in
epidemiology, prevention and treatment of tetanus as a disease (see
refs. 5,6). Some aspects of clostridial neurotoxins have been
addressed in the context of bacterial toxins, in particular in the
biennial European workshops. 1-3,7,8 The Madison meeting differed
from the previous ones in three aspects. First, it covered both
tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins. The fusion was justified because
of their huge similarities in primary structure, in their mode of
action and in their cellular targets. Second, the meeting was not
limited to toxins but drew some lines on which modern neurobiology
might proceed.
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