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The book presents the latest developments in narrow fabrics and
smart materials from research institutions, machinery building
companies and producers of such products, presented during the
International Week of Narrow and Smart Textiles in Spring 2018 in
Moenchengladbach, Germany. It also demonstrates different
applications of braided and woven fabrics. Braided and woven narrow
products are produced using completely different techniques, but
have a lot of similarities in their applications - they are used as
belts, ropes and tubes in areas ranging from medical textiles,
cables, technical and home applications to large-scale transport
belts and long tubes for transporting oil from the bottom of the
ocean.
Inorganic and Composite Fibers: Production, Properties, and
Applications provides a comprehensive review on the development,
production and application of modern inorganic and composite
fibers. Particular emphasis is placed on current production
processes, parameters and finishing and functionalization methods
for improving their properties and the problems associated with the
testing of fibers. Fibers covered include carbon, glass and basalt
fibers, metal fibers, such as copper and steel, fibers coated with
silver or gold, and nitinol. In addition to pure inorganic fibers,
the book looks at organic fibers with a high level of inorganic
content, such as cellulosic fibers. Including contributions from
leading experts from universities, research institutes, and
producing companies, this book assists materials scientists and
engineers in the composites, automotive, textile and medical
industries to more efficiently and effectively select fibers for a
range of different applications areas.
Textile materials or materials made from textiles are probably
among the most important materials in the world. Textile materials
are not only present everywhere in modern daily life, but have been
for thousands of years. Besides obvious textile applications such
as clothes or hometextile there are also many more hidden
applications. For example, textile filters, textiles in production
processes or composite materials are just a few ways that they can
be applied. Altogether, it is implied that modern civilization
without textiles is not possible. This book is dedicated to the
advances in textile research and application. Here, readers must
keep in mind that the final textile in the final application is the
product of many different production steps, which is known as the
textile chain. Many different disciplines contribute to this
textile chain, such as chemistry and machine engineering but also
less obvious influences like agricultural science in terms of
cotton or wool fiber production. The life of a textile material
starts with fiber production; this can be a natural process for
plant fibers, animal fibers or regenerated fibers from natural
resources. In contrast, chemical fibers see their origin via
chemical synthesis. After fiber production, yarn production
follows, which is in the field of spinning technology. From the
yarn comes the textile materials as fabrics or non-wovens are
produced using processes such as weaving, knitting, braiding, etc.
These textile products are further modified by dyeing and printing
processes. Finishing is often also used to realize special
functional properties on a textile product. Finally, the textile
product is realized as either cloth, home textile or technical
application. Besides technical aspects, design and marketing also
play an important role. After following this summary, it is obvious
that this book cannot cover every single aspect of textile and
textile products. Therefore, this book headlines with every chapter
a topic in the area of textile research and application, which is a
topic in actual scientific research but also in industrial
development. The main topics include: microwave based processes,
plasma technology, photoactive textiles, electrospinning, braiding
processes, wool materials, coatings, textile functionalization, and
UV-protective and light responsive materials This book is dedicated
to readers from universities and industries that engage in some
form of textile production. For the industry, it can help to
promote ideas for new innovative processes and products. For
university students especially graduates s it can help to broaden
their expertise in very different fields of the textile world.
Also, established scientists could benefit from this text to use as
a tool to generate new ideas for further research.
Diplomarbeit aus dem Jahr 1998 im Fachbereich Chemie -
Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Note: 1,0, Universitat
Bremen (Unbekannt), Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Inhaltsangabe:
Einleitung: Die Plasmapolymerisation ist ein Verfahren zur
Produktion von dunnen Polymerschichten bis zu 105 nm Dicke. Bei dem
Plasmapolymerisationsprozess wird durch das Einwirken eines Plasmas
auf gasformige, organische Molekule eine Polymerbeschichtung
erzeugt. Die so gebildeten Polymerschichten weisen eine komplexe
und hochvernetzte Struktur auf. In den letzten 20 Jahren hat die
Plasmapolymerisation einen grossen Aufschwung erfahren und sich zu
einem Verfahren mit grosser technischer Bedeutung entwickelt.
Eingesetzt wird die Plasmapolymerisation zur Produktion von
wasserundurchlassigen sowie wasserabweisenden Materialien. Weitere
Einsatzgebiete finden sich im Korrosionsschutz, in der Herstellung
von abriebsmindernden Schichten, Diffusionsbarrieren und elektrisch
leitfahigen Schichten. Im Gegensatz zur Plasmapolymerisation werden
Metallcluster schon seit Jahrhunderten genutzt. Die ersten
Anwendungen finden sich bereits im Altertum in der Herstellung
farbiger Glaser durch Einfarben mit Metallpartikeln. Auf ein
grosses wissenschaftliches Interesse stiessen die Metallcluster
bereits zu Anfang dieses Jahrhunderts. So beschrieb Wo. Ostwald
besonders eindrucksvoll 1915 in dem Buch Die Welt der
vernachlassigten Dimensionen" Cluster und ihre Eigenschaften. Als
Cluster werden in der Chemie und Festkorperphysik kleine Teilchen
von Metallen und Halbmetallen bezeichnet. Es werden dabei kleine
Cluster mit einem Durchmesser bis zu 4 nm von grossen Clustern mit
einer Grosse von 4 bis 100 nm unterschieden. Die Atomanzahl reicht
bei kleinen Clustern von weniger als 10 bis zu 500 Atomen. Die
grossen Cluster, welche auch Kolloide genannt werden, konnen bis zu
10 Atome beinhalten. Die Praparation von Clustern aus
verschiedensten Metallen in Plasmapolymermatrizen wird in der
Literatur ausfuhrlich beschriebe
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