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In the period between the outbreak of World War II in 1939 and the enactment of university apartheid by the Nationalist Government in 1959, the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (Wits) developed as an ‘open university’, admitting students of all races. This, the second volume of the history of Wits by historian Bruce Murray, has as its central theme the process by which Wits became ‘open’, the compromises this process entailed, and the defence the University mounted to preserve its ‘open’ status in the face of the challenges posed by the Nationalist Government.
The University’s institutional autonomy is highlighted by Yunus Ballim in his preface to the centenary edition of WITS: The ‘Open’ Years. He writes: ‘The emerging posture of a university willing to rise in defence of academic freedom was important because this was to become infused into the institutional culture of Wits.’
The book looks at the University’s role in South Africa’s war effort, its contribution to the education of ex-volunteers after the war, its leading role in training job-seeking professionals required by a rapidly expanding economy, and the rise of research and postgraduate study. Students feature prominently through their political activities, the flourishing of a student intelligentsia, the heyday of the Remember and Give (Rag) parade, rugby intervarsity, and the stunning success of Wits sportsmen and women. Wits: The ‘Open’ Years paints a vivid picture of the range of personalities who enlivened the campus – among them some well-known figures in the new South Africa.
The book includes chapters by Alf Stadler, who was Professor of Political Studies at Wits and the author of The Political Economy of Modern South Africa, and Jonty Winch, former Sports Officer at Wits and the author of Wits Sport.
Wits: The Early Years is a history of the University up to 1939.
First established in 1922, the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg developed out of the South African School of Mines in Kimberley circa 1896. Examining the historical foundations, the struggle to establish a university in Johannesburg, and the progress of the University in
the two decades prior to World War II, historian Bruce Murray captures the quality and texture of life in the early years of Wits University and the personalities who enlivened it and contributed to its growth.
Particular attention is given to the wider issues and the challenges which faced Wits in its formative years. The book examines the role Wits came to occupy as a major centre of liberal thought and criticism in South Africa, its contribution to the development of the professions of the country, the relationship of its research to the wider society, and its attempts to grapple with a range of peculiarly South African problems, such as the admission of black students to the University and the relations of English- and Afrikaans speaking white students within it.
This book explores how cricket in South Africa was shaped by
society and society by cricket. It demonstrates the centrality of
cricket in the evolving relationship between culture, sport and
politics starting with South Africa as the beating heart of the
imperial project and ending with the country as an international
pariah. The contributors explore the tensions between fragmentation
and unity, on and off the pitch, in the context of the racist
ideology of empire, its 'arrested development' and the reliance of
South Africa on a racially based exploitative labour system. This
edited collection uncovers the hidden history of cricket, society,
and empire in defining a multiplicity of South African identities,
and recognises the achievements of forgotten players and their
impact.
This book provides two case studies that demonstrate the use of
systems analysis to forecast the often far-reaching consequences of
government policies and economic development for the social
relations and cultural values of different communities. The case
studies examine the potential effects of oil development in two
rural Alaskan communities, comparing the impact of proposed
oil-related activities with projected changes in the sociocultural
and socioeconomic aspects of these communities under other sets of
assumptions, such as the development of a local groundfish
industry. Each case study begins with an ethnographic description
of the community, organized along the lines of a systems model,
which is then used to assess the impact of development upon
economic activities, political and social organizations, religion,
education, health and social services, and recreation. The systems
approach to social impact assessment is a commonly used
decision-making tool, and the comparisons set forth in these two
case studies will allow managers and policymakers to better tailor
models to suit the needs of their inquiries.
Documents the challenges and the social, political, and economic
factors involved in the planning and technological achievement of
the Mariner 10 mission, and features more than one hundred
high-resolution photographs of the surface of Mercury.
The Weimar Republic of Germany, covering the post-World War I
period of civil and governmental strife, witnessed a great struggle
among a variety of ideologies, a struggle for which the arts
provided one important arena. Leftist individuals and organizations
critiqued mainstream art production and attempted to counter what
they perceived as its conservative-to-reactionary influence on
public opinion. In this groundbreaking study, Bruce Murray focuses
on the leftist counter-current in Weimar cinema, offering an
alternative critical approach to the traditional one of close
readings of the classical films.
Beginning with a brief review of pre-Weimar cinema (1896-1918),
he analyzes the film activity of the Social Democratic Party, the
German Communists, and independent leftists in the Weimar era.
Leftist filmmakers, journalists, and commentators, who in many
cases contributed significantly to marginal leftist as well as
mainstream cinema, have, until now, received little scholarly
attention. Drawing on exhaustive archival research and personal
interviews, Murray shows how the plurality of aesthetic models
represented in the work of individuals who participated in leftist
experiments with cinema in the 1920S collapsed as Germany underwent
the transition from parliamentary democracy to fascist
dictatorship. He suggests that leftists shared responsibility for
that collapse and asserts the value of such insights for those who
contemplate alternatives to institutional forms of cinematic
discourse today.
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