Digestive diseases have always been a major threat to global health. Despite the rapid advances in various diagnostic modalities, many a time the final verdict can be elusive and present a diagnostic challenge for the attending doctor. The book presents 50 real life cases to illustrate an evidence based approach for the diagnosis, investigation and management of gastrointestinal diseases commonly encountered in everyday practice, with a special focus on the interpretation of endoscopic and radiological images. This book provides a pragmatic approach for medical students, residents, specialist trainees and specialists alike who have an interest in gastroenterology. Other healthcare providers, such as general practitioners, nurses and dieticians, will also benefit from these case illustrations. The authors of this book are based at the Institute of Digestive Disease, Chinese University of Hong Kong. This institute has contributed to major breakthroughs that have improved the clinical management of digestive diseases including, but not limited to, the advent of endoscopic therapies and minimally invasive surgery, molecular diagnostic tools for cancers and inflammatory bowel disease, and the development of novel treatments for acid peptic disease and viral hepatitis.

This book presenting the latest thinking on Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility is truly international as the authors hail from no less than four different continents (North America, Europe, Australia and Asia). The idea for this book was conceived during the XII World Congress On Fertility and Sterility where the unique confluence of our distinguished authors occurred in Singapore in October 1986. The authors were involved in the Pre And Post Congress Scientific Programmes which we organised. The overwhelming success of the Congress and the Pre And Post Congress Scientific Programmes prompted this book so that those unable to attend the meeting will still be able to benefit from the vast range of topics covered. This book will be a valuable addition to the knowledge in Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility and will be useful reading for those wishing to pursue this subspecialty. The authors are indebted to Lee Foundation (Singapore) for help in the publication of this book. We would also like to thank Miss Jam Siew Fong and Miss Tang May Mey for their excellent secretarial assistance. Singapore, January 1988 Charles SANg F H Maurine Tsakok S LTan K H Chan ix 1 Hypothalamic and Pituitary Disorders in Reproduction ROGER J PEPPERELL 1 HYPOTHALAMIC AND PrruITARY DISORDERS Disorders of ovulation are present in 15 to 25% of couples with infertility.

Features: A pocket handbook on the practical and safe use of drugs in inflammatory bowel disease to achieve best patient outcome in day-to-day practice; A book written by experts in inflammatory bowel disease covering the latest and most promising treatment modalities in patients with simple and complex inflammatory bowel disease; 20 short chapters illustrating therapeutic pathways to summarise current best practice on the management of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease including special scenarios: management of extra-intestinal manifestations, cancer surveillance, pregnancy, fertility and breast feeding, screening for infections, bone diseases and anaemia; Suitable for all medical professionals involved in the care of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: established and trainee gastroenterologists, gastrointestinal surgeons, nurse specialists, general practitioners and general physicians.

Sixteen reference buildings have been defined by the U.S. Department of Energy, and created as EnergyPlus input files, for use in assessing new technologies and supporting the development of energy codes in pursuing building energy efficiency improvements. Infiltration rates in the EnergyPlus models of the reference buildings were input as constant airflow rates, and not calculated based on established building airflow theory. In order to support more physically-based airflow calculations, as well as indoor air quality analysis, models of the 16 reference buildings were created in the multizone airflow and contaminant transport program CONTAM. A number of additional inputs had to be defined for the CONTAM models, and changes in the interior zoning were required, to more realistically account for airflow. Annual airflow and contaminant simulations were performed in CONTAM for six of the buildings. While the assumed infiltration rates in EnergyPlus do not realistically reflect impacts of weather conditions, there are clear relationships between the outdoor air change rates calculated by CONTAM and weather. In addition, the envelope airtightness values assumed in either approach are seen to have a major impact on the air change rates. Contaminant analyses were performed for occupant-generated carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds from indoor sources, outdoor particulate matter, and outdoor ozone. The airflow and contaminant calculation results provide a useful baseline for subsequent use of these models to investigate approaches to building ventilation and other technologies that are intended to simultaneously reduce building energy consumption while maintaining or improving indoor air quality.

Like many other multiethnic countries, Malaysia has seen a revival in Islamic fundamentalism in her Muslim populace since the seventies. The ongoing revival has led to pressures on the Malaysian government to establish an Islamic state in the country. Since the eighties, this revival is associated with a deterioration in political relations between Muslims and non-Muslims and a heightening of domestic tensions in the country. This study examines the process by which the activities of Islamic revival movements have contributed to the polarization in Malaysia's domestic politics. The study analyzes the characteristics of the revival and the impact on some key areas of Malaysian politics. These areas include Muslim and non-Muslim interests, governmental response to the revival, responses of major political parties, and changes in the alignment of popular support for these political parties. The study shows that the government has adopted conciliatory responses toward the demands of Muslim revivalists because of the pivotal role of the Muslim vote in the electoral process. Such responses have been detrimental to the interests of non-Muslims, resulting in a deterioration in relations between Muslims and non-Muslims at the grassroots level, and a polarization of support for political parties along ethnic lines. If the momentum of the revival continues, interethnic relations are likely to continue deteriorating.

The congress "Arsenic in the Environment" offers an international, multi- and interdisciplinary discussion platform for arsenic research aimed at practical solutions of problems with considerable social impact, as well as focusing on cutting edge and breakthrough research in physical, chemical, toxicological, medical and other specific issues on arsenic on a broader environmental realm. The congress "Arsenic in the Environment" was first organized in Mexico City (As 2006) followed by As 2008 in Valencia, Spain and As 2010 in Tainan, Taiwan. The 4th International Congress As 2012 was held in Cairns, Australia from July 22-27, 2012 entitled Understanding the Geological and Medical Interface of Arsenic. The session topics comprised: 1. Geology and hydrogeology of arsenic; 2. Medical and health issues of arsenic; 3. Remediation and policy; 4. Analytical methods for arsenic; and 5. Special topics on "Risk assessment of arsenic from mining", "Geomicrobiology of arsenic", "Geothermal arsenic", "Rice arsenic and health perspectives", "Sustainable mitigation of arsenic: from field trials to policy implications", and "Biogeochemical processes of high arsenic groundwater in inland basins" Hosting this congress in Australia was welcome and valued by the local scientific communities. Australia is a mineral rich country where mining has generated significant economic benefit to its people. Unfortunately historical mining for base metals, gold and arsenic had led to environmental contamination of arsenic. Locally produced arsenical compounds were widely used as pesticides and in timber preservation. It is known that there are several thousands of cattle- and sheep-dip sites contaminated with arsenic in Australia. However, commonly observed symptoms of chronic arsenic poisonings such as those found in endemic-blackfoot areas are seemingly absent from these types of environmental contamination due to good quality of potable water supply. Does this fall in the classic argument of "the dose makes the poison"? This congress theme of "understanding the geological and medical interface of arsenic" will advance our knowledge in minimising the risk posted by this so-called number one prioritised contaminant - arsenic.