The medieval development of the distinct region of north-east England explored through close examination of landscape, religion and history. The recent surge of interest in the political, ecclesiastical, social and economic history of north-eastern England is reflected in the essays in this volume. The topics covered range widely, including the development of both rural and urban life and institutions. There are contributions on the well-known richness of Durham cathedral muniments, its priory and bishopric, and there is also a particular focus on the institutions and practices which evolved to deal with Scottish border problems. A number of papers broach lesser-known subjects which accordingly offer new territory for exploration, among them the distinctive characteristics of local jurisdiction in the northern counties, the formation of north-eastern landscapes, the course of agrarian development in the region and the emergence of a northern gentry class alongside the better known ecclesiastical and lay magnates. CHRISTIAN D. LIDDY is Lecturer in History at the University of Durham, where R.H. BRITNELL is Emeritus Professor.

'The documents _ provide illustrations of the practical difficulties of life in the north of England during the fourteenth century.' Each section has a short historical introduction and each petition, in French, is preceded by a calendar of its contents and followed by its approximate date and an editorial comment on its relation to other known material. Areas covered include trade, defence, compensation, war damage, franchises, legal petitions, financial petitions, clerical petitions etc.. See volume 176.