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In recent years, integral bridges have become increasingly popular
in the UK. The Highways Agency standard now requires, where
possible, that all new bridges with a length of less than sixty
metres should be of integral form. In addition, it has been found
that, due especially to the problems and costs associated with
failed expansion joints, integral bridges are not only cost
effective but also have a longer lifespan. Integral Bridges was
commissioned by the Highways Agency to produce guidance for bridge
designers by addressing the thermally induced soil/structure
interaction problem created by environmental changes of temperature
and the associated cyclical displacements imposed on the granular
backfill to the bridge abutments. It develops a better theoretical
understanding of the cyclic performance, in particular the strain
racheting in the backfill soil when in contact with a stiff
structure. It also identifies the governing soil parameters and
examines their influence in the interaction problem, develops
numerical modelling procedures to predict interactive soil
behaviour, and identifies and quantifies the controlling features
of bridge structures relevant to the interaction problem.
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