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This report from the CSIS Americas Program provides a detailed look
at the challenges the Colombian government confronts as it moves
from providing security to developing rural areas that were
previously conflict zones. In particular, the report examines such
issues as remaining security needs; land tenure; needed
infrastructure improvements; and better governance. In addition,
the report offers recommendations on how the Colombian government
can move forward in consolidating gains in its countryside and how
the United States can help."
Whether liked or despised, Venezuelan president Hugo Chavez was a
transformative figure. During his fourteen years in power he
changed Venezuela from a poor country with democratic institutions,
a rule of law and freedom of the press to an even poorer country
with a quasi-dictatorship. Chavez was able to use his country's
vast oil wealth to spread his Bolivarian revolution--known as
Chavismo--to other countries in Latin America by influencing their
elections and building loyalty amongst segments of their
populations. In the Center for Security Policy's book, Chavismo
without Chavez, Members of Congress, journalists and Latin America
experts debate the former strongman's legacy--as well as the
implications for U.S. national security.
Argentina, strictly speaking, does not belong to the XXI century
socialism. However, participates and displays the characteristics
of the populist governments. But two elements separated Argentina
from other countries enrolled in the flow, the socialism of the XXI
century, which are the safeguard of the institutions in that
society. The first, the attitude of the Supreme Court, which has
put a limit to the power of Kirchner, either in terms of trying to
silence critical voices and to introduce a reform the judiciary,
for the sake of a supposed "democratization ." The second is that
the recent election or pre-election acts, show that the current
government can no longer claim to speak for the majority, as in
Bolivia, Ecuador and, in a more debatable, Venezuela. It is no
longer possible, even more closed to its apologists, to talk about
populism, if there is no majority. Douglas Farah, in these two
works presented, provides two key elements to understand the
government of Cristina Kirchner. Back to the future, showing how,
under government corruption, the country is on a road to ruin. The
other, the description of La Campora, is an analysis of a group of
young people trying to take over the Argentine government and the
economy has collapsed and created a system of authoritarian rule.
The emergence of new hybrid (state and nonstate) transnational
criminal/terrorist franchises in Latin America operating under
broad state protection now pose a tier-one security threat for the
United States. Similar hybrid franchise models are developing in
other parts of the world, which makes the understanding of these
new dynamics an important factor in a broader national security
context. This threat goes well beyond the traditional nonstate
theory of constraints activity, such as drug trafficking, money
laundering, and human trafficking, into the potential for
trafficking related to weapons of mass destruction by designated
terrorist organizations and their sponsors. These activities are
carried out with the support of regional and extra-regional state
actors whose leadership is deeply enmeshed in criminal activity,
which yields billions of dollars in illicit revenues every year.
These same leaders have a publicly articulated, common doctrine of
asymmetrical warfare against the United States and its allies that
explicitly endorses as legitimate the use of weapons of mass
destruction. The central binding element in this alliance is a
hatred for the West, particularly the United States, and deep
anti-Semitism, based on a shared view that the 1979 Iranian
Revolution was a transformative historical event. For Islamists, it
is evidence of divine favor; and for Bolivarians, a model of a
successful asymmetrical strategy to defeat the "Empire." The
primary architect of this theology/ideology that merges radical
Islam and radical, anti-Western populism and revolutionary zeal is
the convicted terrorist Ilich Sanchez Ramirez, better known as
"Carlos the Jackal," whom Chavez has called a true visionary.
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