This edited volume provides the follow up to Erling et al.’s (2021) Multilingual Learning and Language Supportive Pedagogies in Sub-Saharan Africa. The strategies put forward in Volume 1 included multilingual pedagogies that allow students to draw on their full linguistic repertoires, translanguaging and other language supportive pedagogies. While there is great traction in the pedagogical strategies proposed in Volume 1, limited progress has been made in terms of multilingual education in SSA. Thus, the main focus of this follow-up volume is to explore the question of why former colonial languages and monolingual approaches continue to be used as the dominant languages of education, even when we have multilingual pedagogies and materials that could and do work and despite substantial evidence that learners have difficulties when taught in a language they do not understand. This book offers perspectives to answer this question through focusing on the internal and external pressures which impact the capacity for implementing multilingual strategies in educational contexts at regional, national, and community levels. Chapters provide insights into how to better understand and work within these contemporary constraints and challenge dominant monoglossic discourses which inhibit the implementation of multilingual education in SSA. The volume focuses on three main areas which have proven to be stumbling blocks to the effective implementation of multilingual education to date, namely: Assessment, Ideology and Policy. An insightful collection that will be of great interest to academics, researchers, and practitioners in the fields of language education, language-in-education policy and educational assessments in the wide range of multilingual contexts in Africa.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. The world's leading resource for to diagnosing and treating any injury-quickly, safely, and effectively Unparalleled in its breadth and depth of expertly crafted content, Trauma takes you through the full range of injuries you are likely to encounter. With a full-color atlas of anatomic drawings and surgical approaches, this trusted classic provides thorough coverage of kinematics and the mechanisms of trauma injury, the epidemiology of trauma, injury prevention, the basics of trauma systems, triage, and transport, and more. It then reviews generalized approaches to the trauma patient, from pre-hospital care and managing shock, to emergency department thoracotomy and the management of infections; delivers a clear, organ-by-organ survey of treatment protocols; and shows how to handle specific challenges in trauma including alcohol and drug abuse, and combat-related wounds in addition to post-traumatic complications such as multiple organ failure. *500 photos and illustrations *Color atlas *Numerous X-rays, CT scans, and algorithms *High-yield section on specific approaches to the trauma patient *A-to-Z overview of management of specific traumatic injuries *Detailed discussion of the management of complications

In this book, Feliciano de Sa Guimaraes offers an original application of Role Theory. He proposes a theory of master role transitions to explain how small powers can change regional powers' master roles without changing the regional material power distribution. Master role transition is the replacement of an active dominant master role by a dormant or inactive role located within one's role repertoire. Guimaraes argues that only a combination of four necessary conditions can produce a full master role transition: asymmetrical material interdependence, altercasting, domestic contestation and regional contestation. In each one of these conditions, a small power uses material and ideational tools to promote a master role transition within the regional power role repertoire. To test his model, Guimaraes turns to five case studies in Latin America, Southern Africa and South Asia: the 2006-2007 Bolivia-Brazil gas crisis, the 2008-2009 Paraguay-Brazil Itaipu Dam crisis, the 2008-2009 Ecuador-Brazil Odebrecht crisis, the 1998 South Africa-Lesotho military intervention crisis and the 1996India-Bangladesh Ganges water crisis. A Theory of Master Role Transition is an excellent resource for those studying both theory and method in International Relations and foreign policy analysis.

In this book, Feliciano de Sa Guimaraes offers an original application of Role Theory. He proposes a theory of master role transitions to explain how small powers can change regional powers' master roles without changing the regional material power distribution. Master role transition is the replacement of an active dominant master role by a dormant or inactive role located within one's role repertoire. Guimaraes argues that only a combination of four necessary conditions can produce a full master role transition: asymmetrical material interdependence, altercasting, domestic contestation and regional contestation. In each one of these conditions, a small power uses material and ideational tools to promote a master role transition within the regional power role repertoire. To test his model, Guimaraes turns to five case studies in Latin America, Southern Africa and South Asia: the 2006-2007 Bolivia-Brazil gas crisis, the 2008-2009 Paraguay-Brazil Itaipu Dam crisis, the 2008-2009 Ecuador-Brazil Odebrecht crisis, the 1998 South Africa-Lesotho military intervention crisis and the 1996India-Bangladesh Ganges water crisis. A Theory of Master Role Transition is an excellent resource for those studying both theory and method in International Relations and foreign policy analysis.

This volume considers a range of ways in which bilingual programs can make a contribution to aspects of human and economic development in the global South. The authors examine the consequences of different policies, programs, and pedagogies for learners and local communities through recent ethnographic research on these topics. The revitalization of minority languages and local cultural practices, management of linguistic and cultural diversity, and promotion of equal opportunities (both social and economic) are all explored in this light.

It's Sunday-ice cream day! But sometimes the ice cream truck turns down a different street. Can Jerron, A.J., and Cha crack the ice cream man's code? They want him to come their way! This story explores the Makers theme of Coding and includes explanatory sidebars and a computer coding-related activity for young makers to try themselves! Coding is the process of writing instructions for a computer in a way-or code-that it understands. A computer reads the code and follows the coder's instructions. Tying into the popular Makers Movement, Makers Make It Work is a series of fun easy-to-read stories that focus on problem-solving and hands-on action! This series was specifically developed to support STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Math) learning. Each book is inspired by a specific topic of the Makers Movement-from robots, to woodworking, to 3D printing and baking. *Bonus Activity in the Book: Use coding logic to get a friend from one point to another. All you need is paper in three different colors. Arrange the papers on the ground to guide your friends. If they follow the code, then they will reach the red paper at the end.

Available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. With an increasingly diverse ageing population, we need to expand our understanding of how social divisions intersect to affect outcomes in later life. This edited collection examines ageing, gender, and sexualities from multidisciplinary and geographically diverse perspectives and looks at how these factors combine with other social divisions to affect experiences of ageing. It draws on theory and empirical data to provide both conceptual knowledge and clear 'real-world' illustrations. The book includes section introductions to guide the reader through the debates and ideas and a glossary offering clear definitions of key terms and concepts.

Available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. With an increasingly diverse ageing population, we need to expand our understanding of how social divisions intersect to affect outcomes in later life. This edited collection examines ageing, gender, and sexualities from multidisciplinary and geographically diverse perspectives and looks at how these factors combine with other social divisions to affect experiences of ageing. It draws on theory and empirical data to provide both conceptual knowledge and clear 'real-world' illustrations. The book includes section introductions to guide the reader through the debates and ideas and a glossary offering clear definitions of key terms and concepts.

This volume considers a range of ways in which bilingual programs can make a contribution to aspects of human and economic development in the global South. The authors examine the consequences of different policies, programs, and pedagogies for learners and local communities through recent ethnographic research on these topics. The revitalization of minority languages and local cultural practices, management of linguistic and cultural diversity, and promotion of equal opportunities (both social and economic) are all explored in this light.

Incisional hernia surgery has witnessed important advances over recent years, not only as far as the pathophysiological and etiopathogenetic aspects are concerned, but also from a technical point of view. This book provides an update on incisional hernia surgical techniques. It includes chapters on synthetic prostheses, biomaterials and robotics. Surgeons, surgical residents, and medical students will find the information in this volume very useful in their daily practice.

This book comprehensively presents the full spectrum of surgical emergencies. These include trauma and non-traumatic acute surgical diseases of the abdominal, pelvic, and cardiothoracic organs as well as the extremities, skin and soft tissue, and head and neck. Management of surgical infections is also discussed. This is the ideal reference text for surgical trainees as well as practicing surgeons. Authoritative, comprehensive, and user-friendly, the text features over 40 chapters complete with case studies as well as question and answer commentaries. The text is augmented by more than 500 tables and illustrations.

This book is an introduction to the quantum theory of materials and first-principles computational materials modelling. It explains how to use density functional theory as a practical tool for calculating the properties of materials without using any empirical parameters. The structural, mechanical, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties of materials are described within a single unified conceptual framework, rooted in the Schroedinger equation of quantum mechanics, and powered by density functional theory. This book is intended for senior undergraduate and first-year graduate students in materials science, physics, chemistry, and engineering who are approaching for the first time the study of materials at the atomic scale. The inspiring principle of the book is borrowed from one of the slogans of the Perl programming language, 'Easy things should be easy and hard things should be possible'. Following this philosophy, emphasis is placed on the unifying concepts, and on the frequent use of simple heuristic arguments to build on one's own intuition. The presentation style is somewhat cross disciplinary; an attempt is made to seamlessly combine materials science, quantum mechanics, electrodynamics, and numerical analysis, without using a compartmentalized approach. Each chapter is accompanied by an extensive set of references to the original scientific literature and by exercises where all key steps and final results are indicated in order to facilitate learning. This book can be used either as a complement to the quantum theory of materials, or as a primer in modern techniques of computational materials modelling using density functional theory.

Innovation is increasingly recognized as a key factor in environmental protection and balanced sustainable development within the forestry sector.This volume provides a comprehensive theoretical foundation for the analysis of innovation processes and policies in a traditional, rural sector as well as presenting empirical analyses of innovation processes from major innovation areas. Territorial services of the forest sector are examined, including various types of forest ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration or recreation and wood value chains, including timber frame construction and bioenergy.

'I have always been drawn to 'odd' women. I feel an affinity, a resonance with women who don't fit the norm - perhaps recognising aspects of myself - and this is reflected in my photographic work.' Sheba Chhachhi is a photographer, women's rights activist and an installation artist. Based in New Delhi, she has exhibited her works widely in India and internationally, transforming pressing contemporary issues into compelling, evocative works of art. The powerful photographs reproduced here are selected from three major series, co-curated with her subjects . Seven Lives and a Dream spans decades of engagement with, and participation in, the feminist movement. Initiation Chronicle (from Ganga's Daughters) reveals the lives of a group of women sadhus (religious renunciates): each woman in the series subverts conventional assumptions about gender, sexuality, domesticity and female piety. In the 1990s, Chhachhi was one of the first female photographers to photograph women in conflict-ridden Kashmir, resulting in The Green of the Valley is Khaki. Interweaving the mythic and the social, her work, as she puts it, 'is really about opening up a conversation, in the process of creating as well as sharing, to invite people to think about personal, social and public concerns, primarily around feminism and ecology.' The Tate Photography Series is a celebration of international photography in the Tate collection and an introduction to some of the greatest photographers at work today. With the direct involvement of living photographers in collaboration with photography curators, these books showcase the best and most notable images taken across the globe, from city streets to seashores, moving across landscapes and through subcultures, in a visual travelogue of our world. Each book contains a new conversation between curator and photographer and is prefaced with a short introduction. The theme for the first four titles is Community and Solidarity. Also available in this series are: Sirkka-Liisa Konttinen (978-1-84976-800-9) Sabelo Mlangeni (978-1-84976-802-3) Liz Johnson Artur (978-1-84976-801-6)