Bones and Bodies is a highly accessible account of the establishment of the scientific discipline of biological anthropology. Alan G Morris takes us back over the past century of anthropological discovery in South Africa and uncovers the stories of individual scientists and researchers who played a significant role in shaping perceptions of how peoples of southern Africa, both ancient and modern, came to be viewed and categorised both in the public imagination and the scientific literature.

Morris reveals how much of the earlier anthropological studies were tainted with the tarred brush of race science. He evaluates the works of famous anthropologists and archaeologists such as Raymond Dart, Thomas Dreyer, Matthew Drennan and Robert Broom, and demonstrates through a wide array of sources how they described their fossil discoveries through the prism of racist interpretation. Morris also shows how modern anthropology tried to rid itself of the stigma of these early racist accounts. In the 1960s and 1970s, Ronald Singer and Phillip Tobias introduced modern methods into the discipline that disputed much of what the public believed about race and human evolution.

In an age in which the authority of experts and empirical science is increasingly being questioned, this book shows the battle facing modern anthropology to acknowledge its racial past but also how its study of human variation remains an important field of enquiry at institutions of higher learning.

Believing Philosophy introduces Christians to philosophy and the tools it provides believers, helping them understand, articulate, and defend their faith in an age of unbelief. Philosophy has been a part of Christianity since its earliest days, and theistic philosophy predates Christianity by thousands of years. But Christians today often don't realize or are skeptical of all that philosophy can offer them. In Part 1, author Dolores G. Morris explains why Christians should read and study philosophy. She begins with a historical overview of Christian philosophy from the church fathers to contemporary philosophers and then introduces the basic resources of philosophical reasoning: the role and aim of reason, distinctions between truth and reason and provability, and learning to read like a philosopher. These chapters address three foundational questions: What is philosophy? Why should a Christian study philosophy? How should a Christian study philosophy? In Part 2, Morris introduces students to philosophical arguments and questions relevant to Christians. She presents arguments by three key branches of philosophy: metaphysics, epistemology, and practical philosophy. Building on concepts introduced in Part 1, she explains what philosophical arguments are and how they ought to be evaluated from a philosophical and Christian perspective. The following chapters examine specific questions most pressing for Christians today: The problem of evil Rationality and faith Free will Skeptical theism The moral argument for the existence of God Reformed epistemology Each chapter introduces the problem, explains Christian responses, discusses the strengths and weaknesses of each response, and leaves the final verdict to the reader. Finally, each chapter concludes with a list of recommended further readings.

A unique, international approach to optimal real estate financing Property Finance is an authoritative guide to both the financial and legal issues surrounding real estate financing. Unique in its exclusive focus on the topic, this book builds from a solid theoretical foundation to provide practical tools and real-world solutions. Beginning with a discussion of the general issues encountered in real estate finance from an international perspective, the authors delve into country-specific information and set out the legal peculiarities of eight important countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, China, India, England and Wales) by asking questions of relevance to the leading local law firms specializing in real estate financing. The reader may thus consider in greater depth the problems relating to any given country and compare and contrast the positions under different legal systems. Examples with numerical calculations and contract excerpts enhance the explanations presented, and are immediately followed by practical case studies that illustrate the mechanisms at work. The companion website features downloadable spreadsheets used in the examples, power point presentations, as well as real estate news and more. Property financing entails many sources of capital, including both debt and equity resources as well as hybrid forms like preferred equity and mezzanine debt. Knowing how to work with these avenues is important to ensuring financial sustainability in real estate assets. Property Finance covers the most common issues encountered, helping readers prepare for and find a way around possible roadblocks. * Consider the issues surrounding real estate lending at an international level * Compare and contrast the positions under different legal systems * Develop an international perspective on cash flows and financing agreements * Use powerful tools to structure financing and gauge its effects on property financing The success of a real estate investment is dependent upon optimal financing, and a mere bird's eye view of the topic does not fully prepare investors for issues ahead: Property Finance provides a knowledge-based approach to real estate investment, detailed information and powerful tools.

The Jewish leftist lawyer Ernst Fraenkel was one of twentieth-century Germany's great intellectuals. During the Weimar Republic he was a shrewd constitutional theorist for the Social Democrats and in post-World War II Germany a respected political scientist who worked to secure West Germany's new democracy. This book homes in on the most dramatic years of Fraenkel's life, when he worked within Nazi Germany actively resisting the regime, both publicly and secretly. As a lawyer, he represented political defendants in court. As a dissident, he worked in the underground. As an intellectual, he wrote his most famous work, The Dual State - a classic account of Nazi law and politics. This first detailed account of Fraenkel's career in Nazi Germany opens up a new view on anti-Nazi resistance - its nature, possibilities, and limits. With grit, daring and imagination, Fraenkel fought for freedom against an increasingly repressive regime.

The rapid growth in the numbers of older people worldwide has led to an equally rapid growth in research on the changes across age in cognitive function, including the processes of moment to moment cognition known as working memory. This book brings together international research leaders who address major questions about how age affects working memory:

• Why is working memory function much better preserved in some people than others?
• In all healthy adults, which aspects of working memory are retained in later years and which aspects start declining in early adulthood?
• Can cognitive training help slow cognitive decline with age?
• How are changes in brain structures, connectivity and activation patterns related to important changes in working memory function?

Impairments of cognition, and particularly of working memory, can be major barriers to independent living. The chapters of this book dispel some popular myths about cognitive ageing, while presenting the state of the science on how and why working memory functions as it does throughout the adult lifespan.

"

Working Memory and Aging" is the first volume to provide an overview of the burgeoning literature on changes in working memory function across healthy and pathological ageing, and it will be of great interest to advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers in psychology and related subject areas concerned with the effects of human ageing, including several areas of medicine.

The rapid growth in the numbers of older people worldwide has led to an equally rapid growth in research on the changes across age in cognitive function, including the processes of moment to moment cognition known as working memory. This book brings together international research leaders who address major questions about how age affects working memory:

• Why is working memory function much better preserved in some people than others?
• In all healthy adults, which aspects of working memory are retained in later years and which aspects start declining in early adulthood?
• Can cognitive training help slow cognitive decline with age?
• How are changes in brain structures, connectivity and activation patterns related to important changes in working memory function?

Impairments of cognition, and particularly of working memory, can be major barriers to independent living. The chapters of this book dispel some popular myths about cognitive ageing, while presenting the state of the science on how and why working memory functions as it does throughout the adult lifespan.

"

Working Memory and Aging" is the first volume to provide an overview of the burgeoning literature on changes in working memory function across healthy and pathological ageing, and it will be of great interest to advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers in psychology and related subject areas concerned with the effects of human ageing, including several areas of medicine.

Stereochemistry is defined as the study of the three-dimensional structure of molecules. Stereochemical considerations are important in both isomerism and studies of the mechanisms of chemical reactions. Implicit in a mechanism is the stereochemistry of the reaction: in other words, the relative three-dimensional orientation of the reacting particles at any time in the reaction. Concentrating on organic chemistry, early chapters deal mainly with definitions of terms such as chirality, enantiomers, diastereoisomers and racemization, complete with suitable examples to illustrate key concepts. Use of a polarimeter and associated definitions are described, together with two different conventions D, L and R, S for specification of configuration. Chirality without a stereogenic centre, in molecules such as allenes for example, is also covered. The distinction between conformation and configuration is developed to include assignment of configurations to di-substituted cyclohexanes and to the decalins. The conventions E, Z and Re, Si are introduced for sp2 hybridized carbons as found in alkenes and carbonyl compounds. Diastereotopic groups are discussed. Aspects of stereochemistry are explored through consideration of addition reactions to alkenes and carbonyl groups, nucleophilic substitution, and reactions (and interactions) involved in the resolution of racemic mixtures. Additional material is available on the website at www.rsc.org/tct Ideal for the needs of undergraduate chemistry students, Tutorial Chemistry Texts is a major series consisting of short, single topic or modular texts concentrating on the fundamental areas of chemistry taught in undergraduate science courses. Each book provides a concise account of the basic principles underlying a given subject, embodying an independent-learning philosophy and including worked examples.

A practical guide to the best approaches for commercial real estate value assessment Commercial Property Valuation provides a comprehensive examination of principles and methods of determining the accurate value of commercial assets. This invaluable resource covers all key elements of commercial property valuation, including valuation queries, real estate report structure, market analysis, capitalization and discount rates estimation, and more. This book details the economic characteristics unique to commercial property and illustrates property-specific risk factors and mitigation strategies. Drawing from years of professional and academic experience, the authors provide accurate information on multiple valuation approaches suitable for commercial real estate such as sales comparison, income capitalization and residual land value. Favoring real-world practicality over complex formulas, this book provides a powerful set of tools to assist readers in selecting and applying the best valuation approach to various situations. Actual case studies of office buildings, hotels, high street retails, and residential developments allow readers to understand and apply appropriate valuation methodologies. Commercial property is a major investment class that offers abundant opportunities but poses unique risks. Thorough and inclusive knowledge is essential to success in this complex and competitive sector of real estate. This book provides expert coverage of critical topics allowing readers to: Identify the unique economic characteristics and potential risks of commercial real estate valuation and investment Focus on methods specific to commercial real estate valuation Learn how to select and apply the appropriate valuation method in a variety of scenarios Access sample Excel spreadsheets and ancillary online resources including slides and useful Internet links Commercial Property Valuation is an essential resource for investors, appraisers, consultants, accountants, and students in real estate courses.

The Jewish leftist lawyer Ernst Fraenkel was one of twentieth-century Germany's great intellectuals. During the Weimar Republic he was a shrewd constitutional theorist for the Social Democrats and in post-World War II Germany a respected political scientist who worked to secure West Germany's new democracy. This book homes in on the most dramatic years of Fraenkel's life, when he worked within Nazi Germany actively resisting the regime, both publicly and secretly. As a lawyer, he represented political defendants in court. As a dissident, he worked in the underground. As an intellectual, he wrote his most famous work, The Dual State - a classic account of Nazi law and politics. This first detailed account of Fraenkel's career in Nazi Germany opens up a new view on anti-Nazi resistance - its nature, possibilities, and limits. With grit, daring and imagination, Fraenkel fought for freedom against an increasingly repressive regime.