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The essays in this volume, each written by an acknowledged expert
in the field, trace the fortunes of British coal technology as it
spread across the European continent, from Sweden and Russia to the
Alps and Spain, and supply an authoritative picture of industrial
transformation in one of the key industries of the 19th century. In
this period iron making in continental Europe was transformed by
the take-up of technologies such as coke smelting and iron puddling
that had already revolutionised the British iron industry. The
transfer of British technologies was fundamental to European
industrialisation, but that transfer was not straightforward. The
techniques that had proved so successful in Britain had to be
adapted to local circumstances elsewhere, for charcoal-fired
techniques proved surprisingly durable. More often than not, as
these studies show, coal-fired methods were incorporated into
traditional production systems, making for the proliferation of
technological hybrids. Overall, it is diversity that stands out.
Some European regions (southern Belgium) came near to the British
model; others (Spain) persisted with charcoal technology into the
late 19th century. Some countries (Sweden) adopted British
organisational principles but not the reliance on coal; others
(Russia) maintained different iron making sectors - one coal-based,
the other loyal to charcoal - in parallel.
Eighteenth-century Sweden was deeply involved in the process of
globalisation: ships leaving Sweden's central ports exported bar
iron that would drive the Industrial Revolution, whilst arriving
ships would bring not only exotic goods and commodities to Swedish
consumers, but also new ideas and cultural practices with them. At
the same time, Sweden was an agricultural country to a large extent
governed by self-subsistence, and - for most - wealth was created
within this structure. This volume brings together a group of
scholars from a range of disciplinary backgrounds who seek to
present a more nuanced and elaborated picture of the Swedish
cosmopolitan eighteenth century. Together they paint a picture of
Sweden that is more like the one eighteenth-century intellectuals
imagined, and help to situate Sweden in histories of
cosmopolitanism of the wider world.
The first book that acknowledges cameralism as a European rather
than just a German historical phenomenon. This book discusses the
impact of cameralism on the practices of governance, early modern
state-building and economy in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century
Europe. It argues that the cameralist conception of state and
economy - aform of 'science' of government dedicated to reforming
society while promoting economic development, and often associated
mainly with Prussia - had significant impact far beyond Germany and
Austria. In fact, its influence spread into Denmark, Sweden,
Russia, Portugal, Northern Italy and other parts of Europe. In this
volume, an international set of experts discusses administrative
practices and policies in relation to population, forestry,
proto-industry,trade, mining affairs, education, police regulation,
and insurance. The book will appeal to early modernists, economic
historians and historians of economic thought. MARTEN SEPPEL is
Associate Professor of Early ModernHistory at the University of
Tartu, Estonia. He holds an MPhil from the University of Cambridge.
KEITH TRIBE has a PhD from the University of Cambridge and taught
at the University of Keele (UK) from 1976 to 2002, retiring as
Reader in Economics. He is now working as a highly regarded
professional translator and independent scholar. Forthcoming work
includes a new translation of Max Weber, Economy and Society Part
One (Harvard University Press, 2018). His publications include
Strategies of Economic Order (CUP, 1995/2007); The Economy of the
Word. Language, History, and Economics (OUP, 2015); and (edited
with Pat Hudson) The Contradictions of Capital in the Twenty-First
Century (Agenda, 2016). Contributors: ROGER BARTLETT, ALEXANDRE
MENDES CUNHA, HANS FRAMBACH, GUILLAUME GARNER, LARS MAGNUSSON,
INGRID MARKUSSEN, FRANK OBERHOLZNER, GOERAN RYDEN, MARTEN SEPPEL,
KEITH TRIBE, PAUL WARDE
Globalized Peripheries examines the commodity flows and financial
ties within Central and Eastern Europe in order to situate these
regions as important contributors to Atlantic trade networks. The
early modern Atlantic world, with its flows of bullion, of free and
unfree labourers, of colonial produce and of manufactures from
Europe and Asia, with mercantile networks and rent-seeking capital,
has to date been described almost entirely as the preserve of the
Western sea powers. More recent scholarship has rediscovered the
dense entanglements with Central and Eastern Europe. Globalized
Peripheries goes further by looking beyond slavery and American
plantations. Contributions look at the trading practices and
networks of merchants established in Central and Eastern Europe,
investigate commodity flows between these regions and the Atlantic
world, and explore the production of export commodities, two-way
migration as well as financial ties. The volume uncovers new
economic and financial connections between Prussia, the Habsburg
Empire, Russia, as well as northern and western Germany with the
Atlantic world. Its period coverage connects the end of the early
modern world with the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
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