This book presents a balanced analysis of perestroika with an eye to the ongoing political, social and cultural changes. It is based on papers prepared for a conference on "The First Five Years of Perestroika: What Have We Learned? What Has Gorbachev Learned?" held at Georgetown University.

This work describes the emergence of the professions in late tsarist Russia and their struggle for autonomy from the aristocratic state. It also examines the ways in which the Russian professions both resembled and differed from their Western counterparts.

This work describes the emergence of the professions in late tsarist Russia and their struggle for autonomy from the aristocratic state. It also examines the ways in which the Russian professions both resembled and differed from their Western counterparts.