Essays exploring childhood and youth in Scotland before the nineteenth century. Children and youth have tended to be under-reported in the historical scholarship. This collection of essays recasts the historical narrative by populating premodern Scottish communities from the thirteenth to the late eighteenthcenturies with their lively experiences and voices. By examining medieval and early modern Scottish communities through the lens of age, the collection counters traditional assumptions that young people are peripheral to our understanding of the political, economic, and social contexts of the premodern era. The topics addressed fall into three main sections: the experience of being a child/adolescent; representations of the young; and the constructionof the next generation. The individual essays examine the experience of the young at all levels of society, including princes and princesses, aristocratic and gentry youth, urban young people, rural children, and those who came to Scotland as slaves; they draw on evidence from art, personal correspondence, material culture, song, legal and government records, work and marriage contracts, and literature. Janay Nugent is an Associate Professor ofHistory and a founding member of the Institute for Child and Youth Studies at the University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada; Elizabeth Ewan is University Research Chair and Professor of History and Scottish Studies at the Centrefor Scottish Studies, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Contributors: Katie Barclay, Stuart Campbell, Mairi Cowan, Sarah Dunnigan, Elizabeth Ewan, Anne Frater, Dolly MacKinnon, Cynthia J. Neville, Janay Nugent, Heather Parker, Jamie Reid Baxter, Cathryn R. Spence, Laura E. Walkling, Nel Whiting.

In this revised 2017 edition of The Prison Speaks the author grapples with the fact that, 15 years after the publication of the first edition of the book in 2003, the problems in the South African prison system remain unaddressed. Issues revisited in this edition include: a brief history of prisons in South Africa; statistics on crime and punishment; overcrowding; the profile of a South African prisoner; male rape; human rights; the Number Gangs; and an outline of a group work programme that combined the factual with the experimental in a face-to-face situation with inmates. The Prison Speaks has been written for the general public, but will also be of particular interest to students of the humanities, those involved in voluntary work in prison, social workers, probation officers and anyone connected with the justice system.