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The quantum measurement problem is one of the most fascinating and
challenging topics in physics both theoretically and
experimentally. It involves deep questions and the use of very
sophisticated and elegant techniques. After analyzing the
fundamental principles of quantum mechanics and of the Copenhagen
interpretation, this book reviews the most important approaches to
the measurement problem and rigorously reformulates the "collapse
of the wave function" by measurement, as a dephasing process
quantitatively characterized by an order parameter (called the
decoherence parameter), according to the many-Hilbert-space
approach to the problem.The book deals not only with the
measurement processes (including imperfect measurements) but also
with related interference and mesoscopic phenomena - by means of
general arguments - of solvable models and of numerical
simulations. The quantum Zeno effect and the issue of
irreversibility are also discussed.
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