Ethnodevelopment is a well-established concept in the field of development studies. Despite its relevance to tourism initiatives and processes in the Global South, it continues to be an underutilised concept in the field. This book bridges this gap, presenting an original conceptual framework to study the relationship between tourism and ethnodevelopment. It focuses on the processes of inclusion, empowerment, self-expression and self-determination to explore the effects of tourism initiatives on the identities, cultural resilience, livelihoods and economic opportunities of ethnic minority communities. Chapters explore a range of concepts and issues such as gender, authenticity, indigenous knowledge, tradition, the commodification of culture, community-based tourism, local entrepreneurship, cultural heritage, and tourism and the environment. Drawing on rich primary research conducted across South East Asia and South and Central America the book offers detailed evaluations of the successes and failures of various tourism policies and practices. This book makes a valuable contribution for students, scholars, practitioners and policy-makers alike interested in tourism, development studies, geography and anthropology.

This book gathers contributions from scientists and industry representatives on achieving a sustainable bioeconomy. It also covers the social sciences, economics, business, education and the environmental sciences. There is an urgent need to optimise and maximise the use of biological resources, so that primary production and processing systems can generate more food, fibre and other bio-based products with less environmental impacts and lower greenhouse gas emissions. In other words, we need a "sustainable bioeconomy" - a term that encompasses the sustainable production of renewable resources from land, fisheries and aquaculture environments and their conversion into food, feed, fibre bio-based products and bio-energy, as well as related public goods. Despite the relevance of achieving a sustainable bioeconomy, there are very few publications in this field. Addressing that gap, this book illustrates how biological resources and ecosystems could be used in a more sustainable, efficient and integrated manner - in other words, how the principles of sustainable bioeconomy can be implemented in practice. Given its interdisciplinary nature, the field of sustainable bioeconomy offers a unique opportunity to address complex and interconnected challenges, while also promoting economic growth. It helps countries and societies to make a transition and to use resources more efficiently, and shows how to rely less on biological resources to satisfy industry demands and consumer needs. The papers are innovative, cross-cutting and include many practice-based lessons learned, some of which are reproducible elsewhere. In closing, the book, prepared by the Inter-University Sustainable Development Research Programme (IUSDRP) and the World Sustainable Development Research and Transfer Centre (WSD-RTC), reiterates the need to promote a sustainable bioeconomy today.

This book outlines the status quo of worldwide wildlife tourism and its impacts on planning, management, knowledge, awareness, behaviour and attitudes related to wildlife encounters. It sets out to fill the considerable gaps in our knowledge on wildlife tourism, applied ecology, and environmental education, providing comprehensive information on and an interdisciplinary approach to effective management in wildlife tourism. Examining the intricacies, challenges, and lessons learned in a meaningful and rewarding tourism niche, this interdisciplinary book comprehensively examines the major potentials and controversies in the wildlife tourism industry. Pursuing an insightful, provocative and hands-on approach, it primarily addresses two questions: 'Can we reconcile the needs of the wildlife tourism industry, biodiversity conservation, ecological learning and animal ethics issues?' and 'What is the Future of the Wildlife Tourism Industry?'. Though primaril y intended as a research text, it also offers a valuable resource for a broad readership, which includes university and training students, researchers, scholars, tourism practitioners and professionals, planners and managers, as well as the staff of government agencies.

This book gathers contributions from scientists and industry representatives on achieving a sustainable bioeconomy. It also covers the social sciences, economics, business, education and the environmental sciences. There is an urgent need to optimise and maximise the use of biological resources, so that primary production and processing systems can generate more food, fibre and other bio-based products with less environmental impacts and lower greenhouse gas emissions. In other words, we need a "sustainable bioeconomy" - a term that encompasses the sustainable production of renewable resources from land, fisheries and aquaculture environments and their conversion into food, feed, fibre bio-based products and bio-energy, as well as related public goods. Despite the relevance of achieving a sustainable bioeconomy, there are very few publications in this field. Addressing that gap, this book illustrates how biological resources and ecosystems could be used in a more sustainable, efficient and integrated manner - in other words, how the principles of sustainable bioeconomy can be implemented in practice. Given its interdisciplinary nature, the field of sustainable bioeconomy offers a unique opportunity to address complex and interconnected challenges, while also promoting economic growth. It helps countries and societies to make a transition and to use resources more efficiently, and shows how to rely less on biological resources to satisfy industry demands and consumer needs. The papers are innovative, cross-cutting and include many practice-based lessons learned, some of which are reproducible elsewhere. In closing, the book, prepared by the Inter-University Sustainable Development Research Programme (IUSDRP) and the World Sustainable Development Research and Transfer Centre (WSD-RTC), reiterates the need to promote a sustainable bioeconomy today.

Rare Earths elements are composed of 15 chemical elements in the periodic table. Scandium and yttrium have similar properties, with mineral assemblages, and are therefore referred alike in the literature. Although abundant in the planet surface, the Rare Earths are not found in concentrated forms, thus making them economically valued as they are so challenging to obtain. Rare Earths Industry: Technological, Economic and Environmental Implications provides an interdisciplinary orientation to the topic of Rare Earths with a focus on technical, scientific, academic, economic, and environmental issues. Part I of book deals with the Rare Earths Reserves and Mining, Part II focuses on Rare Earths Processes and High-Tech Product Development, and Part III deals with Rare Earths Recycling Opportunities and Challenges. The chapters provide updated information and priceless analysis of the theme, and they seek to present the latest techniques, approaches, processes and technologies that can reduce the costs of compliance with environmental concerns in a way it is possible to anticipate and mitigate emerging problems.

Ethnodevelopment is a well-established concept in the field of development studies. Despite its relevance to tourism initiatives and processes in the Global South, it continues to be an underutilised concept in the field. This book bridges this gap, presenting an original conceptual framework to study the relationship between tourism and ethnodevelopment. It focuses on the processes of inclusion, empowerment, self-expression and self-determination to explore the effects of tourism initiatives on the identities, cultural resilience, livelihoods and economic opportunities of ethnic minority communities. Chapters explore a range of concepts and issues such as gender, authenticity, indigenous knowledge, tradition, the commodification of culture, community-based tourism, local entrepreneurship, cultural heritage, and tourism and the environment. Drawing on rich primary research conducted across South East Asia and South and Central America the book offers detailed evaluations of the successes and failures of various tourism policies and practices. This book makes a valuable contribution for students, scholars, practitioners and policy-makers alike interested in tourism, development studies, geography and anthropology.

This is an interdisciplinary book on tourism, sustainability, nature conservation and preservation, public policies, politics, power relations, partnerships and discursive constructions which presents tourism-related topics and current themes with remarkable in-depth analysis and introspectful views serving as a source to various purposes of scholars, researchers, professors, government staff, planners, policy makers, people of trade and of private sector, civil society, NGOs, and by those interested in this subject. It is a book written to be used by individuals of any discipline within the Social Sciences, such as planning and management, human geography, and sociolinguistics, etc. The book has very well-built conceptual, theoretical and methodological sections because it is based on a four-year doctoral investigation. Conceptually, the author discusses and applies Social Constructionism, Critical Realism and Theory of Collaboration to empirical data, and he discusses and adapts the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of Norman Fairclough as a methodological tool. Ismar's contributions to Academia are many and lie in the development of the Contextual Critical Discourse Analysis (CCDA) as a qualitative method; as well as his approach on sustainability as socially constructed in which he labels it as 'liquid sustainability'. He was also the first scholar to develop the concept of 'local environmental governance' (LEG) and to apply it to real cases as an essential element of new ecologically oriented development models. This book is a very interesting reading with unique approaches. There are general chapters accessible to a broad audience in reason of case studies in Brazil where the author draws on empirical experiences in Amazonia region such as in Marajo Island, Tapajos-Arapiuns, Maripa, Jamaraqua, Maguari, Silves, Novo Airao, and in the northeast region of the country, specifically in Bahia state, namely Itacare, Ilheus, and Una municipalities. This book is also based on a four-year fieldwork in New Zealand. The author visited and collected data in Mount Maunganui, Rotorua, Waimangi, Maungatautari Ecological Island, Bay of Plenty with a focus on Kuaka Organization, Bay of Islands, Wairere Boulders in Hokianga, Kauri Park, and other green areas in Far Northland. In this book, the author examines collaboration schemes and partnership models by deconstructing them as institutional and organizational arrangements, and he seeks to underline the various impacts on local and regional development. It is a praiseworthy pioneer study and writing on nature-based tourism activities in protected areas, either being labelled as community-based or not, as well as (eco)tourism as a public or private endeavour in both countries. The author is notably knowledgeable on nature-based tourism and environmental issues and he made a great contribution to the literature with his pioneer study and writings on ecotourism in two countries which have been on a worldwide spotlight because of their nature-based tourism potentialities and activities. The book presents distinct realities and contexts of two amazing countries with magnificent, unique landscapes and nature. It enables an extensive understanding on tourism, planning, public policies, state role, institutional arrangements and structures, law, environmental legislation, local stakeholders' views and perceptions, and nature protection strategies. It greatly maps the micro geopolitics that exists in all levels of ecotourism development: in its conceptualisation, design, planning and management. It examines issues of power in (eco)tourism development as manifested in the discursive construction and positionality of local stakeholders.