This volume of Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science focuses on the molecular biology of eye disease.

Are you overwhelmed by project management jargon? Interested in developing a project management career, but bewildered by the plethora of costly courses and qualifications? Then this is the book for you. How to Manage Projects explains the fundamentals of this essential skill in a clear, practical and accessible way, making it the perfect introduction to managing better projects in your current role, or even that first step to developing a professional career as a project manager. This new 2nd edition features practical exercises and top tips, and takes you through successfully and confidently managing a project from conception to completion. Essential reading for anyone who wants to manage their own projects well without all the unnecessary jargon, How to Manage Projects makes this vital skill easily accessible with one handy, easy-to-use book. The Creating Success series of books... Unlock vital skills, power up your performance and get ahead with the bestselling Creating Success series. Written by experts for new and aspiring managers and leaders, this million-selling collection of accessible and empowering guides will get you up to speed in no time. Packed with clever thinking, smart advice and the kind of winning techniques that really get results, you'll make fast progress, quickly reach your goals and create lasting success in your career.

Cases and Concepts in Comparative Politics bridges the gap between understanding and doing comparative politics. Concepts are presented in the context of real situations with pedagogy that asks students to apply their new knowledge immediately in country case studies. Students spend more time actually doing the work of comparative politics. Through Dynamic Data Figures in the Norton Illumine Ebook, in addition to InQuizitive, students have even more support in learning the core concepts of comparative politics and applying them to real-world examples.

Volume 21 of Research in Economic History is a substantial contribution in several respects. Its heft reflects the continuing increase in quality submissions to this series, which invites (although it does not require) authors to take advantage of less stringent space limitations than is typically true in a journal article.

The papers offer regional diversity: two papers with principal focus on England, one on Germany, one on Australia, and three on the United States. There are some commonalities in themes: we have three papers on 1931, three papers that have something to do with banks, two on urban economic history, and two on wage stickiness, albeit in different countries and addressing labor markets several centuries apart. What can be said of all of these inquiries, however, is that each involves the careful consideration of quantitative and qualitative data within a well articulated theoretical framework. And in almost every case, we have original analysis of primary source material.

It's a pleasure in this volume to publish work of scholars at all stages of their careers. We have contributions ranging from those of recently minted Ph.D.s to those of distinguished senior scholars. Each of these articles is written with care, polish, and often passion. Academic disciplines flourish - and economic history is no exception -- when scholars immerse themselves in their subjects and combine this with commitments to logic and evidence, detail, and clarity of exposition. The consequences are the fascinating papers and great scholarship evident here.

We look forward to continuing to publish innovative, well written and carefully considered contributions to economichistory, providing a niche which complements outlets such as the Journal of Economic History, Explorations in Economic History, and the Economic History Review. Potential contributors are urged to contact the editor for information on submission requirements.

This volume of Research in Economic History includes eight papers. Five were submitted through regular channels and three papers which were solicited at the conference ???Toward a Global History of Prices and Wages???. Following is Nonnenmacher??'s study of the early years of the telegraph industry in the United States. The third paper is Herranz-Lonc??n??'s estimates of the growth of the Spanish infrastructure between 1844 and 1935. Then there are two papers based on microeconomic data. The first is the investigation by James, Palumbo and Thomas of late nineteenth century saving among working class families in the United States. The second is Murray??'s study of the operation of pioneering sickness insurance schemes in several European countries between 1895 and 1908. Finally, the three papers from the conference. In the first of these papers, Pamuk studies trends in urban construction workers??? wages in the Eastern Mediterranean over almost a millennium. The following paper by Bassino and Ma examines wages of Japanese unskilled workers between 1741 and 1913. In the final paper, Ward and Devereux present estimates of the relative income of the United Kingdom in comparison with that of the United States for 1831, 1839, 1849, 1859 and 1869.

This volume includes seven papers in quantitative economic history. Four were accepted through our regular channels. These include Harald Edquist and Magnus Henrekson on "Technological Breakthroughs and Productivity Growth," Scott Redenius on "New National Bank Loan Rate Estimates, 1887-1975," Ebru Guven Solakoglu on the "Net Effect of Railroads on Stature in the Post Bellum Economy," and Pedro Lains on "Growth in a Protected Environment, Portugal, 1850-1950." Three papers are from a 2004 conference, Towards a Global History of Prices and Wages. These include Metin Cosgel on "Agricultural Productivity in the Early Ottoman Empire," Johan Soderberg on "Grain Prices in Cairo and Europe in the Middle Ages," and Jun Seong Ho and James Lewis on "Wages, Rents, and Interest Rates in Southern Korea, 1700 to 1900."

Volume 22 of Research in Economic History contains six papers. Three are on agriculture and two on macro issues related to the Great Depression. A concluding paper examines trends in interstate migration in the United States.

Fred Pryor begins the volume with a provocative exploration of the degree to which the Neolithic revolution was in fact revolutionary. Pryor argues for a considerably lesser break with the past than has been commonly asserted. He maintains, in particular, that hunter-gatherer methods of procuring subsistence persisted alongside a continuum of agricultural practices. His evidence is drawn largely from records of surviving hunter-gatherer societies.

Moving forward 10 millennia, Gregory Clark provides details of his construction of an annual price series for English net agricultural output from 1209 to 1914. Clark incorporates fresh archival material with existing published series, using consistent methods to build and aggregate 26 component series.

In the third paper on farming, Giovanni Federico estimates world agricultural production from 1800 to 1938. He concludes that output grew more rapidly than population, and did so on all continents, although more rapidly in countries of Western settlement and in Eastern Europe than in Asia or in Western Europe. Federico also finds that output grew faster before World War One than in the inter-war years, and resulted over time in an increase in the share of livestock products.

Continuing into the twentieth century, we have two papers on the Great Depression. First, Barry Eichengreen and Kris Mitchener explore the degree to which the seeds of economic downturn were sown during the 1920s, particularly through "excessive" credit creation. The authors develop quantitative measures of credit expansion and ask how well these indicators account for "uneveness" in the twenties expansion as well as the depth and severity of the depression in individual countries. They complement this macro analysis with sectoral studies of real estate, consumer durables, and high-tech sectors.

Jakob Madsen's contribution is also based on an examination of depression macro history in a number of countries, but his focus is on output and labor rather than credit markets. he explores the perennial questions of how sticky were wages and prices and whether such stickiness played a significant casual role in the rise of unemployment. Contrary to many models that assume or assert that prices are inherently more flexible than nominal wages, Madsen finds the reverse: prices adjusted slowly to changes in nominal wages, and this stickiness played a role in propagating economic depression.

Finally, Josh Rosenbloom and Bill Sundstrom explore changing rates of interstate migration by examining individual-level data from population censuses available in the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS). Their central finding is that propensities to migrate within the United States have traced out a U-shaped pattern, tending to fall between 1850 and 1900 and then, during the twentieth century, rising until around 1970.

Volume 28 contains articles on the economic history of Europe and the U.S. including "Air Conditioning, Migration and Climate-related Wage and Rent Differentials" by Jeff E. Biddle; "The Rail-Guided Vehicles Industry in Italy, 1861-1913: the Burden of the Evidence" by Carlo Ciccarelli and Stefano Fenoaltea; "English Banking and Payments before 1826" by John A. James; "Retail Trade by Federal Reserve District, 1919 to 1939: A Statistical History" by Haelim Park and Gary Richardson; and, "The Great Fortunes of the Gilded Age and the Crisis of 1893" by Hugh Rockoff.

Originally published under the title The Future of Economic History, this book attempts to chart a new course for the intellectual discipline known as economic history and determine its contributions to the study of economics. The authors suggest new and potentially fruitful areas and approaches for research and at the same time analyze the weaknesses in past efforts to chart a course for them.

This is an invaluable guide to making the most of helping relationships. It concentrates on the practicalities and explores how to structure the help practitioners give to young people.

Including case studies, reflective exercises, and dialogue examples that illustrate the model and use of skills, chapters cover:

• the context for youth support services and what professional helping and youth support roles involve
• the practical development of the helping skills and strategies required by a practitioner
• concepts from various counselling models that have particular relevance for helping young people and discussing hard to reach young people
• the stages of Egan 's skilled helper model in some depth, applying it particularly to youth support work.

Describing an accessible how-to approach to engaging with young people, this book will be essential reading to all those working in information, advice, guidance and youth support settings, whether giving first-in-line or intensive support to young people.

This is an invaluable guide to making the most of helping relationships. It concentrates on the practicalities and explores how to structure the help practitioners give to young people.

Including case studies, reflective exercises, and dialogue examples that illustrate the model and use of skills, chapters cover:

• the context for youth support services and what professional helping and youth support roles involve
• the practical development of the helping skills and strategies required by a practitioner
• concepts from various counselling models that have particular relevance for helping young people and discussing hard to reach young people
• the stages of Egan 's skilled helper model in some depth, applying it particularly to youth support work.

Describing an accessible how-to approach to engaging with young people, this book will be essential reading to all those working in information, advice, guidance and youth support settings, whether giving first-in-line or intensive support to young people.

Reading the Boss: Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Works of Bruce Springsteen, edited by Roxanne Harde and Irwin Streight, draws together close readings of Bruce Springsteen's lyrics by scholars across a range of academic disciplines. The editors first make a compelling comparison between Bruce Springsteen and William Shakespeare, carefully building the argument that both men offer profound insight into the hungry human heart. Springsteen, they argue, uses many Shakespearean themes such as the ties of blood and friendship, commitment to country and community, the monsters of lust and jealousy, vanity and power, and the hopeful pursuit of real love. These themes lift his music beyond stories of characters casing the Promised Land of America to universal matters of the heart's truth wherever it is found. Then, the twelve chapters of Reading the Boss, written by established and emerging scholars, engage readers both critically and enthusiastically with central issues in Bruce Springsteen's writing, as they read his explorations of gender, place, religion, philosophy, and other literary texts, notably the works of Walker Percy and Flannery O'Connor. Driven by arguments grounded in a wide variety of theoretical and critical positions, these essays offer a comprehensive and accessible discussion of Springsteen's oeuvre, from Greetings From Asbury Park, N.J. to Working on a Dream that will appeal to both specialist readers and Springsteen fans alike.

Reading the Boss: Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Works of Bruce Springsteen, edited by Roxanne Harde and Irwin Streight, draws together close readings of Bruce Springsteen's lyrics by scholars across a range of academic disciplines. The editors first make a compelling comparison between Bruce Springsteen and William Shakespeare, carefully building the argument that both men offer profound insight into the hungry human heart. Springsteen, they argue, uses many Shakespearean themes such as the ties of blood and friendship, commitment to country and community, the monsters of lust and jealousy, vanity and power, and the hopeful pursuit of real love. These themes lift his music beyond stories of characters casing the Promised Land of America to universal matters of the heart's truth wherever it is found. Then, the twelve chapters of Reading the Boss, written by established and emerging scholars, engage readers both critically and enthusiastically with central issues in Bruce Springsteen's writing, as they read his explorations of gender, place, religion, philosophy, and other literary texts, notably the works of Walker Percy and Flannery O'Connor. Driven by arguments grounded in a wide variety of theoretical and critical positions, these essays offer a comprehensive and accessible discussion of Springsteen's oeuvre, from Greetings From Asbury Park, N.J. to Working on a Dream that will appeal to both specialist readers and Springsteen fans alike.

In today's world, we are witnessing simultaneous breakthroughs in reproductive technologies, genomics, and molecular biology. Advances in molecular genetic technology and understanding of the bovine genome have led to the development of tools that can be used to enhance profitability on cow-calf enterprises. Factors Affecting Calf Crop: Biotechnology of Reproduction provides a detailed compilation of current and forthcoming technology for managing reproduction in cattle.

The book discusses topics such as: approved techniques for controlling the estrous cycle in cattle; managing follicular growth with progesterone, estrogens, and prostaglandins; freezing, thawing, and transfer of cattle embryos; application of embryo transfer to the beef cattle industry; embryo transfer in topically adapted cattle; new factors affecting bull fertility; embryo collection and utilization technology, in vitro fertilization, somatic cell cloning, and genetic technologies; uses of real-time ultrasound; and sexed semen.

Over 25 leading animal scientists have combined their expertise to produce the first single-source reference that covers successful reproductive techniques that will, most likely, be the wave of the future. Expansive in scope, the book addresses current biotechnologies as they impact the production of beef cattle. Written at a level to appeal to the researcher, commercial producer, or student, Factors Affecting Calf Crop: Biotechnology of Reproduction presents you with a wealth of technologies applicable to animal agriculture.

The Laboratory Hamster and Gerbil details basic information and common procedures for individuals performing research with hamsters and gerbils. It includes duties of animal facility management, animal husbandry, regulatory compliance, and technical procedures and assists in the humane care and use of hamsters and gerbils in the laboratory. It provides quick, easy-to-use information for investigators, technicians, and animal caretakers and includes references to alternative procedures and methods. The book also offers possible sources and suppliers of animals, feed, sanitation supplies, cages, and research and veterinary supplies.

Factors Affecting Calf Crop summarizes the latest information available from leading cattle physiologists and geneticists regarding factors known to influence the production of live calves at weaning. You get practical information on management techniques for improving reproduction efficiency in the herd. You'll also learn about the functioning of the reproductive system and how this may affect reproductive processes in the cow herd. Managers will benefit from a clearer understanding of the factors known to limit efficient reproduction, while veterinarians and other professionals who advise cattlemen will appreciate the substantial reference material and color photographs for defining cow condition scores. Color photographs are also used to illustrate the discussions of testicular thermographies and their applications.
Other chapters in the book cover developments in improving reproductive performance of the replacement heifer, the brood cow, and the bull. Topics on reproduction include physiology/endocrinology, the use of growth promotants, genetics and physiological and economic considerations in selecting the age to breed heifers, heritability of fertility, length of the breeding season, prepartum and postpartum nutrition, nursing by the calf, cloning of embryos, and much more.

Praised by a wide variety of people from Ta-Nehisi Coates to Zadie Smith, Racecraft "ought to be positioned," as Bookforum put it, "at the center of any discussion of race in American life." Most people assume racism grows from a perception of human difference: the fact of race gives rise to the practice of racism. Sociologist Karen E. Fields and historian Barbara J. Fields argue otherwise: the practice of racism produces the illusion of race, through what they call "racecraft." And this phenomenon is intimately entwined with other forms of inequality in American life. So pervasive are the devices of racecraft in American history, economic doctrine, politics, and everyday thinking that the presence of racecraft itself goes unnoticed. That the promised post-racial age has not dawned, the authors argue, reflects the failure of Americans to develop a legitimate language for thinking about and discussing inequality. That failure should worry everyone who cares about democratic institutions.

This new selection of the letters of Jane Welsh Carlyle presents a complete view of a remarkable Victorian woman, with a wide circle of friends, who enjoyed the company of distinguished thinkers, writers, politicians, feminists, eccentrics and radicals. This edition draws on many remarkable letters and papers not published before, in which she created a memorable epistolary voice - shrewd, vigorous, ironic, observant, humorous and passionate. Previous selections have often tamely followed the semi-mythical version of her life first given by Carlyle's biographer, James Anthony Froude, showing her as the victimized angel in distress. This new selection gives a rounded picture of her complex character, showing her as a tormented yet forceful woman who was a strong personality in her own right. She now emerges as a self-conscious artist, adept at constructing images of herself that were designed to appeal to her particular correspondents. The account is written with close attention to Jane Carlyle's long-running jealousy of Lady Harriet Ashburton; and fresh letters include many to her mother and her vital response to her passionate lover or admirer Charlotte Cushman. Each letter is a tightly controlled performance, which justifies Thomas Carlyle's belief that her letters equal and surpass whatever of best I know to exist in that kind.

Removable Prosthodontics at a Glance provides a comprehensive and accessible guide to the practical elements of complete and partial denture provision. It serves as the perfect illustrated guide for learners, and a handy revision guide for subsequent undergraduate and postgraduate studies. Following the familiar, easy to use at a Glance format, each topic is presented as a double page spread with text accompanied by clear colour diagrams and clinical photographs to support conceptual understanding. Key concepts such as patient assessment, material handling, denture design, making impressions, and much more are explained and superbly illustrated enabling the reader to visualise the intended clinical endpoint. Removable Prosthodontics at a Glance is a valuable resource for students studying dentistry and clinical dental technology, and those preparing for further studies in Prosthodontics.

The Laboratory Hamster and Gerbil details basic information and common procedures for individuals performing research with hamsters and gerbils.
Details include duties of animal facility management, animal husbandry, regulatory compliance, and technical procedures.
Researchers, investigators, lab technicians and animal caretakers alike will benefit from this resource.

Pre-Clinical Dental Skills at a Glance provides a comprehensive and accessible guide to the basic operative skills and core clinical skills required of those about to embark on dental clinical training. It serves as the perfect illustrated introduction for pre-clinical students and a handy revision guide for subsequent undergraduate and postgraduate stages. Following the familiar, easy-to-use At a Glance format, each topic is presented as a double-page spread with text accompanied by clear colour diagrams and clinical photographs to support conceptual understanding. Pre-Clinical Dental Skills at a Glance is a valuable resource for students studying dentistry, dental hygiene, dental therapy or dental nursing, as well as skills-based assessments such as the Overseas Registration Exam or the Licence in Dental Surgery. Key features include: * An illustrated introduction to the dental clinical environment, basic operative skills and core clinical skills * Key concepts are explained and superbly illustrated enabling you to visualise the intended clinical endpoint * Core clinical skills covered include controlling cross-infection, giving and receiving effective feedback, history taking and communication skills * A companion website with self-assessment questions for students and teaching notes for instructors

Amongst other European and US focussed topics, Volume 27 addresses: the macroeconomic aggregates for England, 1209-2004; capital accumulation in Spain, 1850-2000; British Estate Acts, 1600 to 1830. Notably there is also a contribution from the late William Parker , who chapter discusses historical trends in food consumption in the United States.

The volume includes six papers in quantitative economic history. Peter Mancall, Josh Rosenbloom, and Tom Weiss consider growth in colonial North America, while Gary Richardson examines the role of bank failures in propagating the Great Depression. John Komlos examines the heights of rich and poor youth in England in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Klas Fregert and Roger Gustafson provide a synoptic view of public finances in Sweden from the eighteenth through the twentieth century. Drew Keeling studies the economics of the steamship industry that facilitated migration between Europe and the United States between 1900 and 1914. Finally, Gregg Huff and Giovanni Caggiano examine the integration of labor markets in Southeast Asia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. It includes original articles written by experts on the subjects and articles supported by quantitative data.