This book presents some of the latest applications of new theories based on the concept of paraconsistency and correlated topics in informatics, such as pattern recognition (bioinformatics), robotics, decision-making themes, and sample size. Each chapter is self-contained, and an introductory chapter covering the logic theoretical basis is also included. The aim of the text is twofold: to serve as an introductory text on the theories and applications of new logic, and as a textbook for undergraduate or graduate-level courses in AI. Today AI frequently has to cope with problems of vagueness, incomplete and conflicting (inconsistent) information. One of the most notable formal theories for addressing them is paraconsistent (paracomplete and non-alethic) logic.

This book presents a novel decision-making support system based on paraconsistent annotated evidential logic, which directly handles imprecise, incomplete and contradictory data. The authors offer insights into areas such as engineering and biomedicine, as well as related fields. Decision analysis is useful in making choices when the consequences of actions are uncertain, like in business administration, where it assists in making investment decisions, and in health care, Decision analysis is also valuable when the possible actions may lead to conflicting consequences. A fundamental tenet of decision analysis is that even though the available information is incomplete, a decision must be made. Thus, analyses often contain assumptions about or estimates of missing data. The contribution that this method can provide to professionals and companies has significant relevance in terms of the impact of information systems on productivity and quality of the companies; the lack of training companies for proper planning and management of information systems; and the need for interdisciplinary treatment of several sectors of almost all related scientific areas. This book is a valuable resource for professionals seeking a competitive edge in their performance.

This book is written as an introduction to annotated logics. It provides logical foundations for annotated logics, discusses some interesting applications of these logics and also includes the authors' contributions to annotated logics. The central idea of the book is to show how annotated logic can be applied as a tool to solve problems of technology and of applied science. The book will be of interest to pure and applied logicians, philosophers and computer scientists as a monograph on a kind of paraconsistent logic. But, the layman will also take profit from its reading.

This book presents a novel decision-making support system based on paraconsistent annotated evidential logic, which directly handles imprecise, incomplete and contradictory data. The authors offer insights into areas such as engineering and biomedicine, as well as related fields. Decision analysis is useful in making choices when the consequences of actions are uncertain, like in business administration, where it assists in making investment decisions, and in health care, Decision analysis is also valuable when the possible actions may lead to conflicting consequences. A fundamental tenet of decision analysis is that even though the available information is incomplete, a decision must be made. Thus, analyses often contain assumptions about or estimates of missing data. The contribution that this method can provide to professionals and companies has significant relevance in terms of the impact of information systems on productivity and quality of the companies; the lack of training companies for proper planning and management of information systems; and the need for interdisciplinary treatment of several sectors of almost all related scientific areas. This book is a valuable resource for professionals seeking a competitive edge in their performance.

This book is written as an introduction to annotated logics. It provides logical foundations for annotated logics, discusses some interesting applications of these logics and also includes the authors' contributions to annotated logics. The central idea of the book is to show how annotated logic can be applied as a tool to solve problems of technology and of applied science. The book will be of interest to pure and applied logicians, philosophers and computer scientists as a monograph on a kind of paraconsistent logic. But, the layman will also take profit from its reading.

This book presents some of the latest applications of new theories based on the concept of paraconsistency and correlated topics in informatics, such as pattern recognition (bioinformatics), robotics, decision-making themes, and sample size. Each chapter is self-contained, and an introductory chapter covering the logic theoretical basis is also included. The aim of the text is twofold: to serve as an introductory text on the theories and applications of new logic, and as a textbook for undergraduate or graduate-level courses in AI. Today AI frequently has to cope with problems of vagueness, incomplete and conflicting (inconsistent) information. One of the most notable formal theories for addressing them is paraconsistent (paracomplete and non-alethic) logic. 

This book contains contributions from several international authors to topics of current interest, such as AI, intelligent systems, and logic applications in different branches of knowledge. Foundational aspects of the various techniques are also covered, notably non-classical formalisms. The tome is intended for researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, and lay readers. The book is dedicated to researcher Seiki Akama on his sixtieth birthday. Akama is one of the critical scientists who dedicated himself to understanding the use of alternative logic in the various issues of AI, ranging from its foundations to concrete applications and philosophical reflections.