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Aston challenges and reshapes the on-going debate concerning social
status, economic opportunity, and gender roles in
nineteenth-century society. Sources including trade directories,
census returns, probate records, newspapers, advertisements, and
photographs are analysed and linked to demonstrate conclusively
that women in nineteenth-century England were far more prevalent in
business than previously acknowledged. Moreover, women were able to
establish and expand their businesses far beyond the scope of
inter-generational caretakers in sectors of the economy
traditionally viewed as unfeminine, and acquire the assets and
possessions that were necessary to secure middle-class status.
These women serve as a powerful reminder that the middle-class
woman's retreat from economic activity during the
nineteenth-century, so often accepted as axiomatic, was not the
case. In fact, women continued to act as autonomous and independent
entrepreneurs, and used business ownership as a platform to
participate in the economic, philanthropic, and political public
sphere.
Women and the Land examines English women's legal rights to land
and the reality and consequences of their land ownership over four
centuries. Women and the Land examines the pre-history of gendered
property relations in England, focusing on the four-hundred-year
period between roughly 1500 and 1900. More specifically, the book
is about how gender shaped opportunities for and experiences of
owning property, particularly for women. The focus is especially on
land, residential buildings and commercial property, but livestock,
common and personal property also feature. This project is drivenby
an explicitly feminist agenda: the contributors directly challenge
the idea that the existence of patriarchal property relations -
including the doctrine of coverture and gendered inheritance
practices - meant that property wasconcentrated in exclusively male
hands. Here a very different story is told: of significant levels
of female landownership and how women's desire to own property and
manage its profits led to emotional attachments to land and a
willingness and determination to fight for the right to legal
title. Altogether, the chapters in this volume offer new histories
of land and property which hold women's lives as their centre.
Presenting the very latest qualitativeand quantitative research on
women's landownership, the book will be of interest to those
working in social, economic and cultural history, historical and
cultural geography, women's studies, gender studies and landscape
studies. AMANDA CAPERN is Senior Lecturer in Early Modern Women's
History at the University of Hull. BRIONY MCDONAGH is Senior
Lecturer in Historical and Cultural Geography at the University of
Hull. JENNIFER ASTON is Senior Lecturer in Modern British History
at Northumbria University. CONTRIBUTORS: Jennifer Aston, Stephen
Bending, Amanda L. Capern, Janet Casson, Amy Erickson, Amanda
Flather, Joan Heggie, Jessica L. Malay, Briony McDonagh, Judith
Spicksley, Jon Stobart, Hannah Worthen
"This volume challenges those who see gender inequalities
invariably defining and constraining the lives of women. But it
also broadens the conversation about the degree to which business
is a gender-blind institution, owned and managed by entrepreneurs
whose gender identities shape and reflect economic and cultural
change." - Mary A. Yeager, Professor Emerita, University of
California, Los Angeles This is the first book to consider
nineteenth-century businesswomen from a global perspective, moving
beyond European and trans-Atlantic frameworks to include many other
corners of the world. The women in these pages, who made money and
business decisions for themselves rather than as employees, ran a
wide variety of enterprises, from micro-businesses in the 'grey
market' to large factories with international reach. They included
publicans and farmers, midwives and property developers, milliners
and plumbers, pirates and shopkeepers. Female Entrepreneurs in the
Long Nineteenth Century: A Global Perspective rejects the notion
that nineteenth-century women were restricted to the home. Despite
a variety of legal and structural restrictions, they found ways to
make important but largely unrecognised contributions to economies
around the world - many in business. Their impact on the economy
and the economy's impact on them challenge gender historians to
think more about business and business historians to think more
about gender and create a global history that is inclusive of
multiple perspectives. Chapter one of this book is available open
access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.
"This volume challenges those who see gender inequalities
invariably defining and constraining the lives of women. But it
also broadens the conversation about the degree to which business
is a gender-blind institution, owned and managed by entrepreneurs
whose gender identities shape and reflect economic and cultural
change." - Mary A. Yeager, Professor Emerita, University of
California, Los Angeles This is the first book to consider
nineteenth-century businesswomen from a global perspective, moving
beyond European and trans-Atlantic frameworks to include many other
corners of the world. The women in these pages, who made money and
business decisions for themselves rather than as employees, ran a
wide variety of enterprises, from micro-businesses in the 'grey
market' to large factories with international reach. They included
publicans and farmers, midwives and property developers, milliners
and plumbers, pirates and shopkeepers. Female Entrepreneurs in the
Long Nineteenth Century: A Global Perspective rejects the notion
that nineteenth-century women were restricted to the home. Despite
a variety of legal and structural restrictions, they found ways to
make important but largely unrecognised contributions to economies
around the world - many in business. Their impact on the economy
and the economy's impact on them challenge gender historians to
think more about business and business historians to think more
about gender and create a global history that is inclusive of
multiple perspectives. Chapter one of this book is available open
access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.
Aston challenges and reshapes the on-going debate concerning social
status, economic opportunity, and gender roles in
nineteenth-century society. Sources including trade directories,
census returns, probate records, newspapers, advertisements, and
photographs are analysed and linked to demonstrate conclusively
that women in nineteenth-century England were far more prevalent in
business than previously acknowledged. Moreover, women were able to
establish and expand their businesses far beyond the scope of
inter-generational caretakers in sectors of the economy
traditionally viewed as unfeminine, and acquire the assets and
possessions that were necessary to secure middle-class status.
These women serve as a powerful reminder that the middle-class
woman's retreat from economic activity during the
nineteenth-century, so often accepted as axiomatic, was not the
case. In fact, women continued to act as autonomous and independent
entrepreneurs, and used business ownership as a platform to
participate in the economic, philanthropic, and political public
sphere.
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