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The Battle of the Bulge lives in history as the U.S. Army's largest
and bloodiest battle of World War II. This innovative study of
American military leadership in action during the battle examines
the performance of six generals in the days and weeks after the
German attack in December 1944. * Generals covered include Dwight
Eisenhower and Omar Bradley, among others * Five levels of command
are studied: supreme coalition, army group, army, corps, and
division/armored combat command * A unique and important history
that will appeal to buffs, scholars, and soldiers
World War I had a profound impact on the United States of America,
which was forced to 'grow' an army almost overnight. The day the
United States declared war on Germany, the US Army was only the
17th largest in the world, ranking behind Portugal - the Regular
Army had only 128,00 troops, backed up by the National Guard with
some 182,000 troops. By the end of the war it had grown to
3,700,000, with slightly more than half that number in Europe.
Until the United States did so, no country in all history had tried
to deploy a 2-million-man force 3,000 miles from its own borders, a
force led by American Expeditionary Forces Commander-in-Chief
General John J. Pershing. This was America's first truly modern war
and rising from its ranks was a new generation of leaders who would
control the fate of the United States armed forces during the
interwar period and into World War II. This book reveals the
history of the key leaders working for and with John J. Pershing
during this tumultuous period, including George S. Patton (tank
commander and future commander of the US Third Army during World
War II); Douglas MacArthur (42nd Division commander and future
General of the Army) and Harry S. Truman (artillery battery
commander and future President of the United States). Edited by
Major General David T. Zabecki (US Army, Retired) and Colonel
Douglas V. Mastriano (US Army, Retired), this fascinating title
comprises chapters on individual leaders from subject experts
across the US, including faculty members of the US Army War
College.
The Six Day War of June 1967 saw the Israel Defense Force (IDF)
achieve a decisive military victory over Egypt, Jordan, and Syria
while sustaining relatively few casualties. Despite the subsequent
image of Israel as a regional military superpower, Egypt attacked
again in 1973, eventually resulting in a peace treaty that promised
to return the entire Sinai to Egypt. It is the contention of "The
1973 Arab-Israeli War: The Albatross of Decisive Victory" that the
IDF's dramatic 1967 victory unconsciously created an albatross in
the form of a belief in its own invulnerability coupled with the
belief that Egypt would perform as poorly in the next war as it had
in this one. In a spirit of overconfidence, Israel prepared to
fight its next war just as it had in 1967. The 1973 attack caught
Israel off guard, the Egyptians performed much better than
expected, and, even after the IDF recovered from its initial
stumbles, Egypt was by no means out of the game militarily. Once a
cease-fire took effect, the Israelis quickly grasped how ill
prepared their army had been for war and the resultant three weeks
of hard fighting and relatively heavy casualties. As the author
notes, "If the United States had experienced equivalent losses in
the Vietnam War, it would have suffered 200,000 American dead - a
figure four times the actual number." Given this situation,
Egyptian President Anwar Sadat quickly proposed a negotiated peace,
which a suddenly war-weary Israeli public warily accepted. Both as
an incisive narrative of the 1973 war and an analysis of the
self-deception and overconfidence that too decisive a victory can
breed, "The 1973 Arab-Israeli War" is an invaluable work of
scholarship as well as a cautionary tale for students and
practitioners of modern warfare. Orginally published in 1996: 104
p. maps. ill.
Reprint of 1995 study. Contains a series of essays a series of
essays analyzing various combat engagement and military leaders
throughout history. They include examples of brilliant success and
dismal failure. Most of all, they offer today's military
professional perspective insight into the essence of their calling:
command and leadership. Topics in this issue include: Gustavus
Adolphus & the Crossing of the Lech, Frederick the Great and
the Battle of Leuthen, Old Fritz Stumbles: Frederick the Great at
Kunersdorf, 1759, Andrew Jackson's Iron Will in the Creek War,
1813-1814, Jacob Brown & Winfield Scott in the Niagara Campaign
of 1814, Menshikov at Inkerman: A Failure to Command, Battle
Command Incompetencies: John C. Pemberton in the Vicksburg
Campaign, William S. Rosecrans & Battle Command Competencies,
Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger at Chickamauga, 20 Sept 1863, Senior-Level
Leadership at the Battle of the Crater, intuitive Vision Versus
Practical Realities: Custer at the Battle of the Little Bighorn,
William M. Campsey; Custer's Vision, Leadership at Plevna, 11-12
September 1877, The Rock of Gallipoli, Originality & Success:
Lieut. Gen. Monash & the Battle of Hamel, Jul 1918, Seeing the
Battlefield: Brigadier Gen. Norman D. Cota's Bastard Brigade at
Omaha Beach, Harmon and Collins at the Bulge: Committing the 2d
Armored Div., 22-28 Dec 1944, Eichelberger at Buna: A Study in
Battle Command, Chen Yi and Deng Ziaoping Question a Mission,
Douglas MacArthur & the Advance to the Yalu, Nov 1950, Invoking
Force of Will to Move the Force, Capt. William E. Barber,
Commander, Fox Company, 7th Marine Regt, Toktong Pass, North Korea,
27 Nov-2 Dec 1950, Military Operations Other Than War: Dominican
Intervention of 1965-66.
In the many decades since the German army smashed into the American
lines in the Battle of the Bulge, opinion of the U.S. senior
command's leadership capabilities has fluctuated between hero
worship and scorn, with the latter view becoming more predominant
as the initial glow of victory faded. Rather than a conventional
study of the Ardennes offensive, "Generals of the Ardennes:
American Leadership in the Battle of the Bulge" studies five
examples of American command leadership at different levels to
answer two questions: what characteristics of leadership did these
generals display, and how did they affect the overall battle? Based
on extensive documentation and personal interviews with
participants, "Generals of the Ardennes" provides a description and
analysis of: Dwight Eisenhower's role as coalition commander; Omar
Bradley's direction of the 12th Army Group during the crisis;
Lieutenant General William Simpson's contribution to the Ninth
Army's part in defeating the German onslaught; Major General Troy
Middleton's stand with the VIII Corps in the center of the
fighting; Major General Alan Jones and Brigadier General Bruce
Clarke and how they dealt with the challenges and confusions at
"the point of the spear." Amid the countless books in many
languages that tell and retell the history of the Battle of the
Bulge, this one is unique in its focus on American generalship
during those epic and decisive weeks that turned the tide of World
War II in Europe. For that reason, it stands as both a significant
history and an important document for the study of command and
control. First published in 1994. 452 pages. ill.
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