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To our families The formal language theory was born in the middle
of our century as a tool for modelling and investigating the syntax
of natural languages, and it has been developed mainly in
connection with programming language handling. Of course, one
cannot deny the impulses from neuronal net investigations, from
logic, as well as the mathematical motivation of the early
researches. The theory has rapidly become a mature one, with
specific problems, techniques and results and with an internal
self-motivated life. Abstract enough to deal with the essence of
modelled phenomena, formal language theory has been applied during
the last years to many further non-linguistical fields, sometimes
surprisingly far from the previous areas of applications; such
fields are developmental biology, economic modelling, semiotics of
folklore, dramatic and musical works, cryptography, sociology,
psychology, and so on. All these applications as well as the
traditional ones to natural and programming languages revealed a
rather common conclusion: very frequently, context-free gram mars,
the most developed and the most "tractable" type of Chomsky
grammars, are not sufficient. "The world is non-context-free" (and
we shall "prove" this statement in Section 0.4). On the other hand,
the context-sensitive grammars are too powerful and definitely
"intractable" (many problems are undecidable or are still open;
there is no semantic interpretation of the nonterminals an so on).
This is the reason to look for intermediate generative devices,
conjoining the simpli city and the beauty of context-free grammars
with the power of context-sensitive ones.
This volume contains the texts of the tutorial lecture, five
invited lectures and twenty short communications contributed for
presentation at the Sixth International Meeting of Young Computer
Scientists, IMYCS '90. The aim of these meetings is threefold: (1)
to inform on newest trends, results, and problems in theoretical
computer science and related fields through a tutorial and invited
lectures delivered by internationally distinguished speakers, (2)
to provide a possibility for beginners in scientific work to
present and discuss their results, and (3) to create an adequate
opportunity for establishing first professional relations among the
participants.
The volume contains selected contributions from the scientific
programme of the 5th International Meeting of Young Computer
Scientists (IMYCS '88) held at Smolenice Castle (Czechoslovakia),
November 14-18, 1988. It is divided into five chapters which
approach the three crucial notions of contemporary theoretical
computer science - machines, languages, and complexity - from
different perspectives. The first chapter contains contributions
dealing with problems of decidability, hierarchy, and complexity.
Papers concerning different types and problems of automata theory
form the second chapter. The contributions in the third chapter
cover the large field of algorithmics from the study of program
complexity to the domain of computational geometry. The two
contributions of the fourth chapter are devoted to logic
programming and inductive inference. The final chapter deals with
problems of cryptography and contains the text of the IMYCS '88
tutorial on cryptography and data security delivered by A. Salomaa.
The book will be a useful source for orientation in contemporary
theoretical computer science and related fields such as software
engineering and artificial intelligence for researchers and
graduate students.
Logik ist eine wichtige Grundlage der Informatik. Sie ist fur die
Formalisierung der Softwaretechnik, fur Verifikation und
Spezifikation von Programmen und Datenbanken genauso erforderlich
wie fur die logische Programmierung und die Kunstliche
Intelligenz.
Dieses Buch entstand auf der Basis von Vorlesungen zur Logik, die
der Autor seit Jahren fur Studierende der Informatik und
informatiknaher Studiengange halt. Es gibt eine Einfuhrung in die
Logik aus der Sicht der Informatik.
Der Tagungsband der 28. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft fur
Informatik gibt einen Uberblick uber diejenigen Trends in den
Gebieten Bild- und Sprachverarbeitung, die fur die weitere
Entwicklung der Informatik eine Schlusselrolle spielen. In den
Beitragen werden Resultate der Spitzenforschung prasentiert,
Anwendungen aus der Industrie formuliert und die gesellschaftliche
Relevanz der betrachteten Themengebiete beleuchtet.
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