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Regulation has become a central aspect of contemporary governance
as a result of public management reforms over recent decades. Yet,
for all its ubiquity, the ideas of regulation have become
increasingly contested. Key failures in the regulation of areas
such as financial markets, nuclear power and food safety have
revealed limitations in strategies which were once praised as
offering superior problem-solving solutions. This major new text
introduces the issues which affect the design and operation of
regulatory regimes, and assesses the different regulatory
strategies which can be used to deal with real-world challenges. In
doing so, it examines the most important areas in regulatory policy
and reform, including rule-making and enforcement, better
regulation, infrastructure regulation, international regulation and
risk regulation. Throughout the book, Martin Lodge and Kai Wegrich
discuss a range of hypothetical and real-world examples to
illustrate key issues, options and trade-offs, and to encourage
readers to think critically and creatively about the regulatory
options which are available. Drawing on the most up-to-date
research, this text provides a clear and useful toolkit for
thinking analytically about regulation.
How to better coordinate policies and public services across public
sector organizations has been a major topic of public
administration research for decades. However, few attempts have
been made to connect these concerns with the growing body of
research on biases and blind spots in decision-making. This book
attempts to make that connection. It explores how day-to-day
decision-making in public sector organizations is subject to
different types of organizational attention biases that may lead to
a variety of coordination problems in and between organizations,
and sometimes also to major blunders and disasters. The
contributions address those biases and their effects for various
types of public organizations in different policy sectors and
national contexts. In particular, it elaborates on blind spots, or
'not seeing the not seeing', and different forms of bureaucratic
politics as theoretical explanations for seemingly irrational
organizational behaviour. The book's theoretical tools and
empirical insights address conditions for effective coordination
and problem-solving by public bureaucracies using an organizational
perspective.
How to Do Public Policy offers a guide to students and
practitioners on how to improve problem-solving with policies in a
political world. It integrates insights from applied policy
analysis and studies of the policy process to develop a framework
that conceives policy-making as structured by two spheres of action
- the 'engine room' of specialists and experts in government
agencies, NGOs, research organizations etc., on the one hand, and
the political 'superstructure' of politicians, key public
stakeholders and the public, on the other hand. Understanding the
different logics of the engine room and the superstructure is key
for successful policy-making. The dual structure of policy-making
provides a perspective on policy-analysis (interactive policy
analysis) and policy-making (actor-centred policy-making) that
moves from the focus on individual and specific measures, towards
understanding and shaping the relation and interaction between
policy interventions, the institutional context and the
stakeholders involved or affected. Part I of the book presents the
basic analytical concepts needed to understand the policy process
and the structures and dynamics involved in it, as well as to
understand how and why actors behave the way they do-and how to
engage with different types of actors. Part II moves further into
the nuts and bolts of policy-making, including policy design,
implementation, and evaluation. Part III introduces and explores
three key aspects of the capacity to make good policies: engagement
with stakeholders, the process of policy coordination in a context
of interdependence, and the role of institutions.
How to Do Public Policy offers a guide to students and
practitioners on how to improve problem-solving with policies in a
political world. It integrates insights from applied policy
analysis and studies of the policy process to develop a framework
that conceives policy-making as structured by two spheres of action
- the 'engine room' of specialists and experts in government
agencies, NGOs, research organizations etc., on the one hand, and
the political 'superstructure' of politicians, key public
stakeholders and the public, on the other hand. Understanding the
different logics of the engine room and the superstructure is key
for successful policy-making. The dual structure of policy-making
provides a perspective on policy-analysis (interactive policy
analysis) and policy-making (actor-centred policy-making) that
moves from the focus on individual and specific measures, towards
understanding and shaping the relation and interaction between
policy interventions, the institutional context and the
stakeholders involved or affected. Part I of the book presents the
basic analytical concepts needed to understand the policy process
and the structures and dynamics involved in it, as well as to
understand how and why actors behave the way they do-and how to
engage with different types of actors. Part II moves further into
the nuts and bolts of policy-making, including policy design,
implementation, and evaluation. Part III introduces and explores
three key aspects of the capacity to make good policies: engagement
with stakeholders, the process of policy coordination in a context
of interdependence, and the role of institutions.
Das Buch liefert auf der Grundlage einer von der Deutschen
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) gefoerderten empirischen Untersuchung
im Politikfeld "Bauplanung/Baugenehmigung Einblicke in die
administrative Handlings- und Entscheidungspraxis ost- und
westdeutscher Kommunalverwaltungen. Es werden die Wirkungen des
institutionellen Um- Neubaus in Ostdeutschland vor dem Hintergrund
der Fragestellung untersucht, inwieweit und durch welche Faktoren
bedingt zehn Jahre nach dem Systemwechsel in der DDR eine
Angleichung zwischen ost- und westdeutschen Vollzugsbehoerden
stattgefunden hat.
Infrastructure only tends to be noticed when it is absent,
declining, or decrepit, or when enormous cost overruns, time
delays, or citizen protests make the headlines. If infrastructure
is indeed a fundamental driver of economic growth and social
development, why is it so difficult to get right? In addressing
this perennial question, this volume-the fourth edition in an
annual series tackling different aspects of governance around the
world-makes the case for a governance perspective on
infrastructure. This implies moving beyond rational economic
analysis of what should be done towards an analysis of the
political, institutional, and societal mechanisms that shape
decision-making about infrastructure investment, planning, and
implementation. Engaging with theories from sociology, political
science, and public administration, and drawing on empirical
analyses bridging OECD and non-OECD countries, the contributions to
this volume dissect the logics of infrastructure governance in a
novel way, providing timely analyses that will enrich both
scholarly and policy debates about how to get infrastructure
governance right.
The early 21st century has presented considerable challenges to the
problem-solving capacity of the contemporary state in the
industrialised world. Among the many uncertainties, anxieties and
tensions, it is, however, the cumulative challenge of fiscal
austerity, demographic developments, and climate change that
presents the key test for contemporary states. Debates abound
regarding the state's ability to address these and other problems
given increasingly dispersed forms of governing and institutional
vulnerabilities created by politico-administrative and economic
decision-making structures. This volume advances these debates,
first, by moving towards a cross-sectoral perspective that takes
into account the cumulative nature of the contemporary challenge to
governance focusing on the key governance areas of infrastructure,
sustainability, social welfare, and social integration; second, by
considering innovations that have sought to add problem-solving
capacity; and third, by exploring the kind of administrative
capacities (delivery, regulatory, coordination, and analytical)
required to encourage and sustain innovative problem-solving. This
edition introduces a framework for understanding the four
administrative capacities that are central to any attempt at
problem-solving and how they enable the policy instruments of the
state to have their intended effect. It also features chapters that
focus on the way in which these capacities have become stretched
and how they have been adjusted, given the changing conditions; the
way in which different states have addressed particular governance
challenges, with particular attention paid to innovation at the
level of policy instrument and the required administrative
capacities; and, finally, types of governance capacities that lie
outside the boundaries of the state.
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