This book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Conference on Knowledge - Ontology - Theory (KONT 2007) held in Novosibirsk, Russia, in September 2007 and the First International Conference on Knowledge Processing in Practice (KPP 2007) held in Darmstadt, Germany, in September 2007. The 21 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions and cover four main focus areas: applications of conceptual structures; concept based software; ontologies as conceptual structures; and data analysis.

This volume contains selected papers presented at the 12th International C- ference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS 2004, held in Huntsville Alabama, July 19 23, 2004. The main theme of the conference, Conceptual Structures at Work, was chosen to express our intention of applying conceptual structures for hum- centered practical purposes. That invites us to develop not only clear conceptual theories, butalsomethodstosupporthumansintheapplicationofthesetheories in their societies. Some promising steps in this direction are being taken, but the gap between the researchers working on a highly sophisticated level on one side and the practitioners in many ?elds of applications on the other side is usually di?culttobridge.Someofushaveexperiencesinsuchpracticalcooperation, but we need more members of our community to be engaged in real life problems . We all know that solutions of complex problems in practice require not only a well-developed formal theory, but also an understanding of the whole context of the given problems. To support our understanding we need general philo- phical methods as well as formal theories for the representation of fundamental structures in practice. We believe that our community has powerful tools and methodsforsuccessfulapplicationsinpractice, butthatwemustdevelopaforum to present our results to a broader audience. First we must understand the s- ni?cant developments in our own group, which has activities in many directions of research."