This review discusses the most important and influential papers in the field of Equity and Trusts. While taking seriously the intimate and historical relationship between English Equity and the law of trusts, it also addresses new and comparative perspectives on the subject, bringing together common law and civil law, doctrinal scholarship and socio-legal analysis, historical approaches to Equity and functional ones. The review includes a wide range of authors and outlooks ranging from Frederic Maitland to recent material on fiduciary obligations and discretionary trusts, highlighting the universality of Equity as a body of law, and the nature of the Trust as a fundamental juristic institution. This literary piece promises to be a useful tool for academics captivated by this subject area.

'Opening a property law book often results in reading mere technical descriptions of enforceable rules within a given legal system. This book edited by Michele Graziadei and Lionel Smith breaks this tradition by providing a complete, high-level and up-to-date introduction to key issues in contemporary property law from a multidisciplinary and global perspective. Thanks to the diversity and the quality of the various contributions, it is a perfect gateway for anyone broadly interested in the field.' Mikhail Xifaras, Sciences Po Law School, France Comparative Property Law provides a comprehensive treatment of property law from a comparative and global perspective. The contributors are leading experts in their fields who cover both classic and new subjects, including the transfer of property, the public-private divide, water and forest laws and the property rights of aboriginal peoples. Incorporating contributions from a variety of countries, this handbook explores property law with a critical edge, viewing the subject through the lens of both public and private law theory and providing a springboard for further research. This unique coverage of new and emerging subjects in property law also examines developments in Africa, Latin America and China. This handbook maps the structure and the dynamics of property law in the contemporary world and will be an invaluable reference for scholars working across the breadth of the field. Contributors include: B. Akkermans, L. Alden Wily, R. Aluffi, M.R. Banjade, A. Braun, T. Earle, Y. Emerich, J.L. Esquirol, D. Francavilla, F. Francioni, M. Graziadei, A.M. Larson, A. Lehavi, F. Lenzerini, K. McNeil, I. Monterroso, E. Mwangi, S. Praduroux, S. Qiao, G. Resta, D.B. Schorr, L. Smith, B. Turner, F.K. Upham, A. van der Walt, L. van Vliet, F. Valguarnera, R.l. Walsh

'Opening a property law book often results in reading mere technical descriptions of enforceable rules within a given legal system. This book edited by Michele Graziadei and Lionel Smith breaks this tradition by providing a complete, high-level and up-to-date introduction to key issues in contemporary property law from a multidisciplinary and global perspective. Thanks to the diversity and the quality of the various contributions, it is a perfect gateway for anyone broadly interested in the field.' Mikhail Xifaras, Sciences Po Law School, France Comparative Property Law provides a comprehensive treatment of property law from a comparative and global perspective. The contributors are leading experts in their fields who cover both classic and new subjects, including the transfer of property, the public-private divide, water and forest laws and the property rights of aboriginal peoples. Incorporating contributions from a variety of countries, this handbook explores property law with a critical edge, viewing the subject through the lens of both public and private law theory and providing a springboard for further research. This unique coverage of new and emerging subjects in property law also examines developments in Africa, Latin America and China. This handbook maps the structure and the dynamics of property law in the contemporary world and will be an invaluable reference for scholars working across the breadth of the field. Contributors include: B. Akkermans, L. Alden Wily, R. Aluffi, M.R. Banjade, A. Braun, T. Earle, Y. Emerich, J.L. Esquirol, D. Francavilla, F. Francioni, M. Graziadei, A.M. Larson, A. Lehavi, F. Lenzerini, K. McNeil, I. Monterroso, E. Mwangi, S. Praduroux, S. Qiao, G. Resta, D.B. Schorr, L. Smith, B. Turner, F.K. Upham, A. van der Walt, L. van Vliet, F. Valguarnera, R.l. Walsh

This title was first published in 2001. In the Western legal tradition, the history of restitution for unjust enrichment reaches back to pre-classical Roman law. In common law, the roots of unjust enrichment may be said to lie in the fourteenth century; but its history as a subject of academic study is much shorter. The law of restitution has become increasingly important in the courts of the common law world during the last decade. This has generated a great deal of scholarly attention and there has been an explosion of literature as legal academics have addressed the theoretical foundations of the subject, its structure and its underlying principles. This volume collects the most important elements of that literature, organized thematically, to show how the subject is developing and where it is likely to go in the future.

Swathes of the human world are covered in ornamental grass lawns; they are the single most commonly encountered horticultural feature on the planet. Unfortunately, they are now often viewed as resource-draining green deserts due to the lack of plant and animal diversity, the need for frequent mowing and watering, and addition of lawn greening products to keep them looking at their best. It is a venerable horticultural feature that is essentially frozen in time, and with few alternatives to whet the appetite, the lawn has languished in its current grass-only format for decades. Until now. Tapestry lawns are a new, practically researched and timely development of the ornamental lawn format that integrates both horticultural practice and ecological science and re-determines the potential of a lawn. Mown barely a handful of times a year and with no need for fertilisers or scarifying, tapestry lawns are substantially richer in their diversity of plant and animal life compared to traditional grass-only lawns and see the return of flowers and colour to a format from which they are usually purposefully excluded. Tapestry Lawns: Freed from Grass and Full of Flowers traces the changes in the lawn format from its origins to the modern day and offers information on how and why the tapestry lawn construct is now achievable. It provides guidance on how to create and maintain a tapestry lawn of your own and champions the potential benefits for wildlife that can follow. Features Accessible and informative to all types of readers from academic to amateur Includes a refined and tested set of useful tapestry lawn plants Contains step-by-step instructions for creation and management methods of grass-free lawns Illustrated in full colour If you have ever thought about mowing your lawn much less, making it much more colourful and wildlife friendly, then this book will inform and guide you to create a perfect, grass-free lawn.

In European legal systems, a variety of approaches to trust and relationships of trust meet the universal professionalisation of asset management services. This book explores that interface in order to seek a better understanding of the legal regulation of the entrustment of wealth. Within the methodology of the Common Core of European Private Law, the book sets out cases on the establishment and termination of management relationships, obligations of loyalty and of professionalism, and the choice of law. More specialized cases address collective investment, collective secured lending, pension funds, and securitisation. Reports on these cases from fifteen jurisdictions of the European Union tackle fundamental problems of trust law and show which legal techniques are deployed to solve them across Europe. In addition to a much-needed comparative treatment of the subject, the book discusses the scholarly setting for the issues and gives guidance on the terminology in the evolving European scene.

In European legal systems, a variety of approaches to trust and relationships of trust meet the universal professionalisation of asset management services. This book explores that interface in order to seek a better understanding of the legal regulation of the entrustment of wealth. Within the methodology of the Common Core of European Private Law, the book sets out cases on the establishment and termination of management relationships, obligations of loyalty and of professionalism, and the choice of law. More specialized cases address collective investment, collective secured lending, pension funds, and securitisation. Reports on these cases from fifteen jurisdictions of the European Union tackle fundamental problems of trust law and show which legal techniques are deployed to solve them across Europe. In addition to a much-needed comparative treatment of the subject, the book discusses the scholarly setting for the issues and gives guidance on the terminology in the evolving European scene.

Swathes of the human world are covered in ornamental grass lawns; they are the single most commonly encountered horticultural feature on the planet. Unfortunately, they are now often viewed as resource-draining green deserts due to the lack of plant and animal diversity, the need for frequent mowing and watering, and addition of lawn greening products to keep them looking at their best. It is a venerable horticultural feature that is essentially frozen in time, and with few alternatives to whet the appetite, the lawn has languished in its current grass-only format for decades. Until now. Tapestry lawns are a new, practically researched and timely development of the ornamental lawn format that integrates both horticultural practice and ecological science and re-determines the potential of a lawn. Mown barely a handful of times a year and with no need for fertilisers or scarifying, tapestry lawns are substantially richer in their diversity of plant and animal life compared to traditional grass-only lawns and see the return of flowers and colour to a format from which they are usually purposefully excluded. Tapestry Lawns: Freed from Grass and Full of Flowers traces the changes in the lawn format from its origins to the modern day and offers information on how and why the tapestry lawn construct is now achievable. It provides guidance on how to create and maintain a tapestry lawn of your own and champions the potential benefits for wildlife that can follow. Features Accessible and informative to all types of readers from academic to amateur Includes a refined and tested set of useful tapestry lawn plants Contains step-by-step instructions for creation and management methods of grass-free lawns Illustrated in full colour If you have ever thought about mowing your lawn much less, making it much more colourful and wildlife friendly, then this book will inform and guide you to create a perfect, grass-free lawn.

Despite the common belief that they are found only in the common law tradition, trusts have long been known in mixed jurisdictions even where they have a civilian law of property. Trusts have now been introduced by legislation in a number of civilian jurisdictions, such as France and China. Other recent developments include the reception of foreign trusts through private international law in Italy and Switzerland and the inclusion of a chapter on trusts in Europe's Draft Common Frame of Reference. As a result, there is a growing interest in the ways in which the trust can be accommodated in civil law systems. This collection explores this question, as well as general issues such as the juridical nature of the trust, the role and qualifications of the trustee and particular developments in specific jurisdictions.

The Law of Loyalty is a study of the principles governing the use of legal powers that are held for other-regarding ends. It addresses both public law and private law, and examines both the common law and the civil law. It aims to provide a theory of how Western law regulates the situations in which we hold legal powers, not for ourselves, but for and on behalf of others. It does this by elucidating the justificatory principles that are attracted in those situations. These principles include that other-regarding powers can only properly be used for the purposes for which they were granted; that they should not be used when the holder is in a conflict of self-interest and duty, or a conflict of duty and duty; and that the holder is presumptively accountable for any profits extracted from the other-regarding role. These principles stand behind the detailed legal rules that govern these relationships in multiple legal systems and in multiple public and private settings. In private law this includes the powers of trustees, corporate directors, agents and mandataries; in public law it includes all powers held for public purposes, whether they be held by the Prime Minister, by a police officer, or by a judge.