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Early Thoughts on RNA and the Origin of Life The full impact of the
essential role of the nucleic acids in biological systems was
forcefully demonstrated by the research community in the 1950s.
Although Avery and his collaborators had identified DNA as the
genetic material responsible for the transformation of bacteria in
1944, it was not until the early 1950s that the Hershey-Chase
experiments provided a more direct demonstration of this role.
Finally, the structural DNA double helix proposed by Watson and
Crick in 1953 clearly created a structural frame work for the role
of DNA as both information carrier and as a molecule that could
undergo the necessary replication needed for daughter cells.
Research continued by Kornberg and his colleagues in the mid-1950s
emphasized the biochemistry and enzymology of DNA replication. At
the same time, there was a growing interest in the role of RNA. The
1956 dis covery by David Davies and myself showed that polyadenylic
acid and polyuridylic acid could form a double-helical RNA molecule
but that it differed somewhat from DN A A large number of
experiments were subsequendy carried out with synthetic
polyribonucleotides which illustrated that RNA could form even more
complicated helical structures in which the specificity of hydrogen
bonding was the key element in determining the molecular
conformation. Finally, in I960,1 could show that it was possible to
make a hybrid helix."
Early Thoughts on RNA and the Origin of Life The full impact of the
essential role of the nucleic acids in biological systems was
forcefully demonstrated by the research community in the 1950s.
Although Avery and his collaborators had identified DNA as the
genetic material responsible for the transformation of bacteria in
1944, it was not until the early 1950s that the Hershey-Chase
experiments provided a more direct demonstration of this role.
Finally, the structural DNA double helix proposed by Watson and
Crick in 1953 clearly created a structural frame work for the role
of DNA as both information carrier and as a molecule that could
undergo the necessary replication needed for daughter cells.
Research continued by Kornberg and his colleagues in the mid-1950s
emphasized the biochemistry and enzymology of DNA replication. At
the same time, there was a growing interest in the role of RNA. The
1956 dis covery by David Davies and myself showed that polyadenylic
acid and polyuridylic acid could form a double-helical RNA molecule
but that it differed somewhat from DN A A large number of
experiments were subsequendy carried out with synthetic
polyribonucleotides which illustrated that RNA could form even more
complicated helical structures in which the specificity of hydrogen
bonding was the key element in determining the molecular
conformation. Finally, in I960,1 could show that it was possible to
make a hybrid helix."
Biology of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases, Volume 48 in The Enzymes
series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume
presenting interesting chapters on A narrative about our work on
the endless frontier of editing, The puzzling evolution of
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Structural basis of the tRNA
recognition by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Catalytic strategies of
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Trans-editing by aminoacyl-tRNA
synthetase-like editing domains, Adaptive and maladaptive
mistranslation arising from aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases,
Non-canonical inputs and outputs of tRNA aminoacylation, Structure
and function of multi-tRNA synthetase complexes, Mitochondrial
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Non-canonical functions of human
cytoplasmic tyrosyl-, tryptophanyl- and other aminoacyl-tRNA
synthetases, and much more.
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