This book examines the causes of a growing wave of digital activism across developing countries, arguing that it is driven by social change, rather than technological advancement alone Beginning with an investigation into the modernisation of 'middle-income countries' and its ramifications for political culture, the book examines large-scale social media protest during political controversies in Indonesia It departs from a narrow 'digital divide' framing whereby Internet access produces Internet activism and introduces the concepts of 'digital self-expression' and of 'middle-class struggles' to capture the value-stratified nature of political engagement in the online sphere Drawing on a blend of 'big-data' text analyses, representative opinion research and socioeconomic household analyses, a rich picture of the determinants of digital activism emerges This truly cross-disciplinary book will appeal particularly to students and scholars in Political Science, Sociology, International Development, and Communication, but also to anyone eager to learn about political activism, social transformation, and new media from a global perspective

This open access book examines the future of inequality, work and wages in the age of automation with a focus on developing countries. The authors argue that the rise of a global 'robot reserve army' has profound effects on labor markets and economic development, but, rather than causing mass unemployment, new technologies are more likely to lead to stagnant wages and premature deindustrialization. The book illuminates the debate on the impact of automation upon economic development, in particular issues of poverty, inequality and work. It highlights public policy responses and strategies-ranging from containment to coping mechanisms-to confront the effects of automation.