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This work, consisting of expository articles as well as research
papers, highlights recent developments in nonlinear analysis and
differential equations. The material is largely an outgrowth of
autumn school courses and seminars held at the University of Lisbon
and has been thoroughly refereed.
Several topics in ordinary differential equations and partial
differential equations are the focus of key articles,
including:
* periodic solutions of systems with p-Laplacian type operators
(J. Mawhin)
* bifurcation in variational inequalities (K. Schmitt)
* a geometric approach to dynamical systems in the plane via
twist theorems (R. Ortega)
* asymptotic behavior and periodic solutions for Navier--Stokes
equations (E. Feireisl)
* mechanics on Riemannian manifolds (W. Oliva)
* techniques of lower and upper solutions for ODEs (C. De Coster
and P. Habets)
A number of related subjects dealing with properties of
solutions, e.g., bifurcations, symmetries, nonlinear oscillations,
are treated in other articles.
This volume reflects rich and varied fields of research and will
be a useful resource for mathematicians and graduate students in
the ODE and PDE community.
This book provides users, pump manufactures, engineers, researchers
and students with extensive information about pump's behavior in
reverse operation. It reports on cutting-edge methods for selecting
the proper PAT and improving PAT's efficiency, discusses PAT's
reliability, economic issues and environmental impact as well. The
book describes in detail electromechanical equipment of PAT
systems, their installation and operation, and gives important
practical insight into the use of PAT in water transmission and
distribution systems, as part of thermal power plants and cooling
systems, in oil distribution systems and other systems as well. It
reports on different types on PAT control modes as well as on
numerical methods useful for PAT analysis and implementation. All
in all, the book represents a comprehensive practice-oriented
reference-guide to design engineers, as well as PAT general users
and manufactures. It also provides researchers with extensive
technical information on the use of PAT thus fostering new
discussions and ideas to improve current methods and cope with
future challenges.
iPolitics provides a current analysis of new media's effect on
politics. Politicians rely on Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube to
exercise political power. Citizens around the world also use these
tools to vent political frustrations, join political groups, and
organize revolutions. Political activists blog to promote
candidates, solicit and coordinate financial contributions, and
provide opportunities for volunteers. iPolitics describes the ways
in which new media innovations change how politicians and citizens
engage the political arena. Most importantly, the volume emphasizes
the implications of these changes for the promotion of democratic
ideals. Among other things, contributors to this volume analyze
whether the public's political knowledge has increased or decreased
in the new media era, the role television still plays in the
information universe, the effect bloggers have had on the debate
and outcome of healthcare reform, and the manner in which political
leaders should navigate the new media environment. While the
majority of contributors examine new media and politics in the
United States, the volume also provides a unique comparative
perspective on this relationship using cases from abroad.
Examines the recent rise in the United States' use of preventive
force More so than in the past, the US is now embracing the logic
of preventive force: using military force to counter potential
threats around the globe before they have fully materialized. While
popular with individuals who seek to avoid too many "boots on the
ground," preventive force is controversial because of its potential
for unnecessary collateral damage. Who decides what threats are
'imminent'? Is there an international legal basis to kill or harm
individuals who have a connection to that threat? Do the benefits
of preventive force justify the costs? And, perhaps most
importantly, is the US setting a dangerous international precedent?
In Preventive Force, editors Kerstin Fisk and Jennifer Ramos bring
together legal scholars, political scientists, international
relations scholars, and prominent defense specialists to examine
these questions, whether in the context of full-scale preventive
war or preventive drone strikes. In particular, the volume
highlights preventive drones strikes, as they mark a complete
transformation of how the US understands international norms
regarding the use of force, and could potentially lead to a
'slippery slope' for the US and other nations in terms of engaging
in preventive warfare as a matter of course. A comprehensive
resource that speaks to the contours of preventive force as a
security strategy as well as to the practical, legal, and ethical
considerations of its implementation, Preventive Force is a useful
guide for political scientists, international relations scholars,
and policymakers who seek a thorough and current overview of this
essential topic.
Examines the recent rise in the United States' use of preventive
force More so than in the past, the US is now embracing the logic
of preventive force: using military force to counter potential
threats around the globe before they have fully materialized. While
popular with individuals who seek to avoid too many "boots on the
ground," preventive force is controversial because of its potential
for unnecessary collateral damage. Who decides what threats are
'imminent'? Is there an international legal basis to kill or harm
individuals who have a connection to that threat? Do the benefits
of preventive force justify the costs? And, perhaps most
importantly, is the US setting a dangerous international precedent?
In Preventive Force, editors Kerstin Fisk and Jennifer Ramos bring
together legal scholars, political scientists, international
relations scholars, and prominent defense specialists to examine
these questions, whether in the context of full-scale preventive
war or preventive drone strikes. In particular, the volume
highlights preventive drones strikes, as they mark a complete
transformation of how the US understands international norms
regarding the use of force, and could potentially lead to a
'slippery slope' for the US and other nations in terms of engaging
in preventive warfare as a matter of course. A comprehensive
resource that speaks to the contours of preventive force as a
security strategy as well as to the practical, legal, and ethical
considerations of its implementation, Preventive Force is a useful
guide for political scientists, international relations scholars,
and policymakers who seek a thorough and current overview of this
essential topic.
This book provides users, pump manufactures, engineers, researchers
and students with extensive information about pump's behavior in
reverse operation. It reports on cutting-edge methods for selecting
the proper PAT and improving PAT's efficiency, discusses PAT's
reliability, economic issues and environmental impact as well. The
book describes in detail electromechanical equipment of PAT
systems, their installation and operation, and gives important
practical insight into the use of PAT in water transmission and
distribution systems, as part of thermal power plants and cooling
systems, in oil distribution systems and other systems as well. It
reports on different types on PAT control modes as well as on
numerical methods useful for PAT analysis and implementation. All
in all, the book represents a comprehensive practice-oriented
reference-guide to design engineers, as well as PAT general users
and manufactures. It also provides researchers with extensive
technical information on the use of PAT thus fostering new
discussions and ideas to improve current methods and cope with
future challenges.
This work, consisting of expository articles as well as research
papers, highlights recent developments in nonlinear analysis and
differential equations. The material is largely an outgrowth of
autumn school courses and seminars held at the University of Lisbon
and has been thoroughly refereed. Several topics in ordinary
differential equations and partial differential equations are the
focus of key articles, including: * periodic solutions of systems
with p-Laplacian type operators (J. Mawhin) * bifurcation in
variational inequalities (K. Schmitt) * a geometric approach to
dynamical systems in the plane via twist theorems (R. Ortega) *
asymptotic behavior and periodic solutions for Navier--Stokes
equations (E. Feireisl) * mechanics on Riemannian manifolds (W.
Oliva) * techniques of lower and upper solutions for ODEs (C. De
Coster and P. Habets) A number of related subjects dealing with
properties of solutions, e.g., bifurcations, symmetries, nonlinear
oscillations, are treated in other articles. This volume reflects
rich and varied fields of research and will be a useful resource
for mathematicians and graduate students in the ODE and PDE
community.
DYNAMICS REPORTED reports on recent developments in dynamical
systems. Dynamical systems of course originated from ordinary
differential equations. Today, dynamical systems cover a much
larger area, including dynamical processes described by functional
and integral equations, by partial and stochastic differential
equations, etc. Dynamical systems have involved remarkably in
recent years. A wealth of new phenomena, new ideas and new
techniques are proving to be of considerable interest to scientists
in rather different fields. It is not surprising that thousands of
publications on the theory itself and on its various applications
are appearing DYNAMICS REPORTED presents carefully written articles
on major subjects in dynamical systems and their applications,
addressed not only to specialists but also to a broader range of
readers including graduate students. Topics are advanced, while
detailed exposition of ideas, restriction to typical results -
rather than the most general one- and, last but not least, lucid
proofs help to gain the utmost degree of clarity. It is hoped, that
DYNAMICS REPORTED will be useful for those entering the field and
will stimulate an exchange of ideas among those working in
dynamical systems Summer 1991 Christopher K. R. T Jones Drs
Kirchgraber Hans-Otto Walther Managing Editors Table of Contents
Limit Relative Category and Critical Point Theory G. Fournier, D.
Lupo, M. Ramos, M. Willem 1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. Relative Category . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 2 3. Relative Cupiength . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 6 4. Limit Relative Category . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . '" . . . . " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 5. The Deformation Lemma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 6.
Critical Point Theorems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 7. Some
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
How do international norms evolve? This book examines the manner in
which sovereignty, a bedrock norm of international relations since
the seventeenth century, has evolved in response to changing
conceptions of the responsibilities of government. Whereas most
previous studies of international norms have examined how norms
influence policy decisions, this book asks, instead, how state
policies actively shape international norms. Changing Norms through
Actions contends that the concept of sovereignty is moving towards
one in which states that are unable or unwilling to fulfill their
domestic and international obligations are forced to relinquish
certain sovereign responsibilities to the international community.
As issues such as genocide, weapons of mass destruction, and
terrorism have forced states to reassess their understandings of
sovereignty, Ramos is interested in how understandings of norms -
particularly long-held norms such as absolute sovereignty - change.
If action taken by states reinforces an existing norm or alters
current understandings of the norm, states must consider how their
actions may change the "rules of the game" for the future. Even
when a major power acts primarily out of its own self-interest,
without any concern to international norms, the action may have the
unintended consequence of modifying the normative environment
within which other minor powers act. Shifting understandings of
sovereignty (and how states relate to one another) can also have
profound implications for the workings of the international system.
Ramos looks specifically at what happens to sovereignty when states
choose to bypass traditional norms of non-intervention on behalf of
other competing norms, such as those regarding counterterrorism,
human rights, or weapons of mass destruction.
How do international norms evolve? This book examines the manner in
which sovereignty, a bedrock norm of international relations since
the seventeenth century, has evolved in response to changing
conceptions of the responsibilities of government. Whereas most
previous studies of international norms have examined how norms
influence policy decisions, this book asks, instead, how state
policies actively shape international norms. Changing Norms through
Actions contends that the concept of sovereignty is moving towards
one in which states that are unable or unwilling to fulfill their
domestic and international obligations are forced to relinquish
certain sovereign responsibilities to the international community.
As issues such as genocide, weapons of mass destruction, and
terrorism have forced states to reassess their understandings of
sovereignty, Ramos is interested in how understandings of norms -
particularly long-held norms such as absolute sovereignty - change.
If action taken by states reinforces an existing norm or alters
current understandings of the norm, states must consider how their
actions may change the "rules of the game" for the future. Even
when a major power acts primarily out of its own self-interest,
without any concern to international norms, the action may have the
unintended consequence of modifying the normative environment
within which other minor powers act. Shifting understandings of
sovereignty (and how states relate to one another) can also have
profound implications for the workings of the international system.
Ramos looks specifically at what happens to sovereignty when states
choose to bypass traditional norms of non-intervention on behalf of
other competing norms, such as those regarding counterterrorism,
human rights, or weapons of mass destruction.
iPolitics provides a current analysis of new media's effect on
politics. Politicians rely on Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube to
exercise political power. Citizens around the world also use these
tools to vent political frustrations, join political groups, and
organize revolutions. Political activists blog to promote
candidates, solicit and coordinate financial contributions, and
provide opportunities for volunteers. iPolitics describes the ways
in which new media innovations change how politicians and citizens
engage the political arena. Most importantly, the volume emphasizes
the implications of these changes for the promotion of democratic
ideals. Among other things, contributors to this volume analyze
whether the public's political knowledge has increased or decreased
in the new media era, the role television still plays in the
information universe, the effect bloggers have had on the debate
and outcome of healthcare reform, and the manner in which political
leaders should navigate the new media environment. While the
majority of contributors examine new media and politics in the
United States, the volume also provides a unique comparative
perspective on this relationship using cases from abroad.
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