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The increased attendance required concurrent sessions for the 48
oral presentations and 190 submitted posters (for more details see
Website: www.ct.ornl.gov/symposium). Attendees came from Australia,
Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark, Finland, Germany,
Hungary, India, Japan, Korea, Mexico, The Netherlands, Russia,
South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, and Ven ezuela, as well as from
the United States. This international perspective was continued in
a Special Topic Ses sion sponsored by the International Energy
Agency (lEA) Bioenergy Pro gram on Biofuels and chaired by Jack
Saddler and David Gregg from the University of British Columbia.
Several of the 10 member countries in this network are approaching
Demonstrations of the Biomass-to-Ethanol pro cess and have a range
of more fundamental projects that look at various aspects of
pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and lignin
utilization. Presenters from several of the participating countries
described their country's biomass-to-ethanol projects, and
differential factors such as the type of biomass available, the
maturity of the wood or agricultural processing industry, and the
willingness of government to bear the risk/ cost of development and
demonstration."
lysts using enzyme, microbial, and plantbiochemistriesand genetic
engi- neeringand "ProcessingResearch"
describedtheconversionofplantcom-
ponentsviaintegrationofmicrobiology,biochemistry,andchemistrywith
engineering, separations, and hybrid systems. The "Enzymatic
Processes and Enzyme Production" session focused on the manufacture
and use of enzymes.
The"IndustrialChemicals"sessionemphasizedrecentdevelop-
mentsintheintegratedproductionandscale-upofchemicalsfrombiologi-
cal rather than petrochemical routes. Special interest was on
separation methods and their integrationintonew fermentation
orhybrid processes. 35 oral presentations, a roundtable The
technical program consisted of forum, two special topic
discussions, and a poster session of 135 posters.
Wecontinuedasuccessfulinformalroundtableserieswith"Bioenergy and
Bioproducts: Forum on Recent Government Initiatives," which dis-
cussedthePresident'sExecutiveOrder, the BioenergyInitiative, the
Tech- nology Roadmap for Renewables Vision 2020, and other thrusts.
These eventscontinuethe strongindustrial focus and
activeindustrialparticipa- tionintheorganizingcommittee.
Thishasbecomeverypopularbecauseit allows industrialand government
participants to speakmore openly.
AspecialTopicsDiscussionGroupwasheldon"C0 Sequestration," 2 ledby
James W. Lee. Another onwas held on "Commercializationof Bio-
mass-to-Ethanol" where chairs Jack N. Saddler and David J. Gregg
made thegoal ofthisworkshop to showparticipantsthatweare close to
demon- stratingthe technicalviability
ofanintegratedbiomass-to-ethanolprocess and that progressive
technical advances and policy decisions will likely greatly enhance
the economic attractiveness of the process.
active industrial participation in the organizing committee.
Recently, the conference has begun a regular informal industrial
roundtable (Session 4). This has become very popular as it allows
industrial participants to speak more openly. For a broader
perspective, R. James Woolsey, Former Direc tor of Central
Intelligence Agency, gave an after-dinner address on "Wagon Trains
for the 21st Century: The Role for Biorefineries. " He urged the
attendees of the importance of their efforts to develop renewable,
benign processes for the United States and the world based on both
security and prosperity reasons. These related to energy supply,
support of domestic agriculture, global warming, and other issues.
With the Twentieth Symposium, we continued the tradition of pro
viding an informal, congenial atmosphere that our participants find
condu cive to pursuing technical discussion of program topics. The
technical program consisted of 35 oral presentations, a roundtable
forum, two spe cial topic discussions, and a poster session of 133
posters. This year, tech nical topics included: Session 1:
Feedstocks: New Supplies and Processing Session 2: Applied
Biological Research Session 3: Bioprocessing Research Session 4:
Emerging Opportunities for Industrial Chemicals Session 5:
Bioprocess Evaluation and Confirmation Session 6: Enzymatic
Processes and Enzyme Production Special topic discussions were held
on "Defining the Future Separa tions Needs Derived from
Bioprocessing" by Earl Beaver, Monsanto Com pany, St.
BRIAN H. DAVISON Oak Ridge National Laboratory MARK FINKELSTEIN
National Renewable Energy Laboratory CHARLES E. WYMAN Oak Ridge
National Laboratory The Eighteenth Symposium on Biotechnology for
Fuels and Chemi cals continues to provide a forum for the
presentation of research results and the exchange of ideas on
advances in biotechnology for the produc tion of fuels and
chemicals. Although the emphasis is on utilization of renewable
resources, the scope of the Symposium is broader than this and
includes bioconversion of fossil fuels and syngas and the new area
of conversions in nonaqueous environments; these areas were
discussed in Session 5 and in a Special Topic Discussion Group at
the Symposium. In addition, recent developments in bioremediation
were well represented in Session 6 and in the poster session. The
Symposium involved both the development of new biological agents
(such as enzymes or microbes) to carry out targeted conversions as
well as bioprocess development. The first area covered improvements
in enzymes as well as fundamental insights into substrate-enzyme
inter actions and photosynthesis. The latter area focused on
converting one material into another using biological agents
through combinations of chemical engineering, biological sciences,
and fermentation technology. This area also refers to an overall
processing involving at least one bio logically catalyzed step in
combination with other physical and/ or chemi cal processing
operations. Agricultural crops, such as corn and corn fiber as well
as woody biomass and lignocellulosic wastes, are emphasized for
process feedstocks and their pretreatment investigated.
lysts using enzyme, microbial, and plantbiochemistriesand genetic
engi- neeringand "ProcessingResearch"
describedtheconversionofplantcom-
ponentsviaintegrationofmicrobiology,biochemistry,andchemistrywith
engineering, separations, and hybrid systems. The "Enzymatic
Processes and Enzyme Production" session focused on the manufacture
and use of enzymes.
The"IndustrialChemicals"sessionemphasizedrecentdevelop-
mentsintheintegratedproductionandscale-upofchemicalsfrombiologi-
cal rather than petrochemical routes. Special interest was on
separation methods and their integrationintonew fermentation
orhybrid processes. 35 oral presentations, a roundtable The
technical program consisted of forum, two special topic
discussions, and a poster session of 135 posters.
Wecontinuedasuccessfulinformalroundtableserieswith"Bioenergy and
Bioproducts: Forum on Recent Government Initiatives," which dis-
cussedthePresident'sExecutiveOrder, the BioenergyInitiative, the
Tech- nology Roadmap for Renewables Vision 2020, and other thrusts.
These eventscontinuethe strongindustrial focus and
activeindustrialparticipa- tionintheorganizingcommittee.
Thishasbecomeverypopularbecauseit allows industrialand government
participants to speakmore openly.
AspecialTopicsDiscussionGroupwasheldon"C0 Sequestration," 2 ledby
James W. Lee. Another onwas held on "Commercializationof Bio-
mass-to-Ethanol" where chairs Jack N. Saddler and David J. Gregg
made thegoal ofthisworkshop to showparticipantsthatweare close to
demon- stratingthe technicalviability
ofanintegratedbiomass-to-ethanolprocess and that progressive
technical advances and policy decisions will likely greatly enhance
the economic attractiveness of the process.
BRIAN H. DAVISON Oak Ridge National Laboratory MARK FINKELSTEIN
National Renewable Energy Laboratory CHARLES E. WYMAN Oak Ridge
National Laboratory The Eighteenth Symposium on Biotechnology for
Fuels and Chemi cals continues to provide a forum for the
presentation of research results and the exchange of ideas on
advances in biotechnology for the produc tion of fuels and
chemicals. Although the emphasis is on utilization of renewable
resources, the scope of the Symposium is broader than this and
includes bioconversion of fossil fuels and syngas and the new area
of conversions in nonaqueous environments; these areas were
discussed in Session 5 and in a Special Topic Discussion Group at
the Symposium. In addition, recent developments in bioremediation
were well represented in Session 6 and in the poster session. The
Symposium involved both the development of new biological agents
(such as enzymes or microbes) to carry out targeted conversions as
well as bioprocess development. The first area covered improvements
in enzymes as well as fundamental insights into substrate-enzyme
inter actions and photosynthesis. The latter area focused on
converting one material into another using biological agents
through combinations of chemical engineering, biological sciences,
and fermentation technology. This area also refers to an overall
processing involving at least one bio logically catalyzed step in
combination with other physical and/ or chemi cal processing
operations. Agricultural crops, such as corn and corn fiber as well
as woody biomass and lignocellulosic wastes, are emphasized for
process feedstocks and their pretreatment investigated.
MARK FINKELSTEIN National Renewable Energy Laboratory BRIAN H.
DAVISON Oak Ridge National Laboratory The proceedings of the 19th
symposium on Biotechnologyfor Fuels and Chemicals, held in Colorado
Springs, Colorado, May 4-8, 1997, had over 200 attendees. This
meeting continues to provide a unique forum for the presentation of
new applications and recent research advances in the production of
fuels and chemicals through biotech nology. The utilization of
renewable resources, and in particular cellulosic biomass, has
broad implications in today's world of green house gases, global
warming, ozone layers, climate change, energy sustainability, and
carbon emissions. It also has relevance to the chemical industry's
continuing need to both lower current chemi cal production costs
and produce novel chemicals. Biotechnology and bioprocessing are
now making it possible to convert this bio mass to fuels and
chemicals in a commercially attractive fashion. The 19th Symposium
captures a wide range of technical topics from an academic,
industrial, or government perspective. A vari ety of biomass
feedstocks are discussed in Session 1, along with several updated
and innovative pretreatment processing approaches. The ability to
turn lignocellulosic materials into simple sugars offers great
opportunities to generate cost-effective feed stocks to be used in
biotechnological processes for the production of fuels and
chemicals. Through the advent of genetic engineering, the
development of a series of exciting new biocatalysts and microbes
were presented in Session 2."
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