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The issue of sustainability has become a vital discussion in many
industries within the public and private sectors. In the business
realm, incorporating such practices allows organizations to
re-design their operations more effectively. Green Supply Chain
Management for Sustainable Business Practice examines the
challenges and benefits of implementing sustainability into the
core functions of contemporary enterprises, focusing on how green
approaches improve operations in an ecological way. Highlighting
key concepts, emerging innovations, and future directions, this
book is a pivotal reference source for professionals, managers,
educators, and upper-level students.
Pakistan is in the race of economic development like other
developing countries, and has consumed a lot amount of energy to
run her economic cycle. Almost 54% out of total primary energy
consumption depends on oil and gas, which contributes more CO2
emission after coal in environment. Therefore, energy consumption
is the major cause of environmental pollution. The government of
Pakistan like that of other developing countries would never think
to mitigate the climate change at the expense of its economic
growth. This issue is more sensitive in nature that is going to
explore the relationship between climate change, energy consumption
and economic growth in case of Pakistan. The EKC curve hypothesis
which does not exist in case of Pakistan, tells us that the
pollutants are increasing with increasing trend but no yet turning
point exists. The government should have to put some efforts in
order to reduce and control the air pollution by identification and
evaluation of GHG emissions by area and their types of GHG
pollutants. The internal emission targets and devises strategies
should be met the Kyoto Protocol mitigation goals.
This book consists of four discrete studies. The first study deals
with the development of a multi-echelon simulation model. It is
demonstrated that design parameter values that give very poor
dynamics across the whole supply chain do not necessarily yield
poor dynamics within a single echelon, so it is essential to
consider the whole supply chain when setting parameter values. The
second study deals with order batching. It is found that the
relationship between batch size and demand amplification is
non-monotonic. The results show that when the quotient of the
average demand and batch size is integer, demand amplification does
not grow with the increase in batch size. The third study explores
the stability boundaries of a multi-echelon capacity constrained
supply chain and evolves the policies that minimize the backlog
bullwhip effect. The last study deals with the net variance ratio
induced by different forecasting techniques with an order-up-to
level stock replenishment policy. It is seen that the bullwhip
effect and inventory variances have distinct properties depending
on the demand forecasting technique.
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