This open access book presents a thorough look at tortuosity and microstructure effects in porous materials. The book delivers a comprehensive review of the subject, summarizing all key results in the field with respect to the underlying theories, empirical data available in the literature, modern methodologies and calculation approaches, and quantitative relationships between microscopic and macroscopic properties. It thoroughly discusses up to 20 different types of tortuosity and introduces a new classification scheme and nomenclature based on direct geometric tortuosities, indirect physics-based tortuosities, and mixed tortuosities (geometric and physics-based). The book also covers recent progress in 3D imaging and image modeling for studying novel aspects of tortuosity and associated transport properties in materials, while providing a comprehensive list of available software packages for practitioners in the community. This book is a must-read for researchers and students in materials science and engineering interested in a deeper understanding of microstructure–property relationships in porous materials. For energy materials in particular, such as lithium-ion batteries, tortuosity is a key microstructural parameter that can greatly impact long-term material performance. Thus, the information laid out in this book will also greatly benefit researchers interested in computational modeling and design of next-generation materials, especially those for sustainability and energy applications.

The study of Soviet youth has long lagged behind the comprehensive research conducted on Western European youth culture. In an era that saw the emergence of youth movements of all sorts across Europe, the Soviet Komsomol was the first state-sponsored youth organization, in the first communist country. Born out of an autonomous youth movement that emerged in 1917, the Komsomol eventually became the last link in a chain of Soviet socializing agencies which organized the young. Based on extensive archival research and building upon recent research on Soviet youth, this book broadens our understanding of the social and political dimension of Komsomol membership during the momentous period 1917 1932. It sheds light on the complicated interchange between ideology, policy and reality in the league's evolution, highlighting the important role ordinary members played. The transformation of the country shaped Komsomol members and their league's social identity, institutional structure and social psychology, and vice versa, the organization itself became a crucial force in the dramatic changes of that time. The book investigates the complex dialogue between the Communist Youth League and the regime, unravelling the intricate process that transformed the Komsomol into a mere institution for political socialization serving the regime's quest for social engineering and control.

The Russian Revolution of 1917 has often been presented as a complete break with the past, with everything which had gone before swept away, and all aspects of politics, economy, and society reformed and made new. Recently, however, historians have increasingly come to question this view, discovering that Tsarist Russia was much more entangled in the processes of modernisation, and that the new regime contained much more continuity than has previously been acknowledged. This book presents new research findings on a range of different aspects of Russian society, both showing how there was much change before 1917, and much continuity afterwards; and also going beyond this to show that the new Soviet regime established in the 1920s, with its vision of the New Soviet Person, was in fact based on a complicated mixture of new Soviet thinking and ideas developed before 1917 by a variety of non-Bolshevik movements.

The study of Soviet youth has long lagged behind the comprehensive research conducted on Western European youth culture. In an era that saw the emergence of youth movements of all sorts across Europe, the Soviet Komsomol was the first state-sponsored youth organization, in the first communist country. Born out of an autonomous youth movement that emerged in 1917, the Komsomol eventually became the last link in a chain of Soviet socializing agencies which organized the young. Based on extensive archival research and building upon recent research on Soviet youth, this book broadens our understanding of the social and political dimension of Komsomol membership during the momentous period 1917-1932. It sheds light on the complicated interchange between ideology, policy and reality in the league's evolution, highlighting the important role ordinary members played. The transformation of the country shaped Komsomol members and their league's social identity, institutional structure and social psychology, and vice versa, the organization itself became a crucial force in the dramatic changes of that time. The book investigates the complex dialogue between the Communist Youth League and the regime, unravelling the intricate process that transformed the Komsomol into a mere institution for political socialization serving the regime's quest for social engineering and control.

The Russian Revolution of 1917 has often been presented as a complete break with the past, with everything which had gone before swept away, and all aspects of politics, economy, and society reformed and made new. Recently, however, historians have increasingly come to question this view, discovering that Tsarist Russia was much more entangled in the processes of modernisation, and that the new regime contained much more continuity than has previously been acknowledged. This book presents new research findings on a range of different aspects of Russian society, both showing how there was much change before 1917, and much continuity afterwards; and also going beyond this to show that the new Soviet regime established in the 1920s, with its vision of the New Soviet Person, was in fact based on a complicated mixture of new Soviet thinking and ideas developed before 1917 by a variety of non-Bolshevik movements.

This open access book presents a thorough look at tortuosity and microstructure effects in porous materials. The book delivers a comprehensive review of the subject, summarizing all key results in the field with respect to the underlying theories, empirical data available in the literature, modern methodologies and calculation approaches, and quantitative relationships between microscopic and macroscopic properties. It thoroughly discusses up to 20 different types of tortuosity and introduces a new classification scheme and nomenclature based on direct geometric tortuosities, indirect physics-based tortuosities, and mixed tortuosities (geometric and physics-based). The book also covers recent progress in 3D imaging and image modeling for studying novel aspects of tortuosity and associated transport properties in materials, while providing a comprehensive list of available software packages for practitioners in the community. This book is a must-read for researchers and students in materials science and engineering interested in a deeper understanding of microstructure–property relationships in porous materials. For energy materials in particular, such as lithium-ion batteries, tortuosity is a key microstructural parameter that can greatly impact long-term material performance. Thus, the information laid out in this book will also greatly benefit researchers interested in computational modeling and design of next-generation materials, especially those for sustainability and energy applications.

a straight line connects the two castles ludwigsburg and solitude, 14.5 kilometers long. once a baroque thoroughfare and landscape element it is today a remnant shifting from forest road to federal road to village road to field road. past the birth place of max horkheimer, past the dead place of gudrun ensslin, a virtual sunday afternoon stroll connects the landscape by moving nothing but a mouse click.

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2007 im Fachbereich Philosophie - Theoretische (Erkenntnis, Wissenschaft, Logik, Sprache), Note: 2,0, Universitat Regensburg (Lehrstuhl fur theoretische Philosophie), Veranstaltung: Geist und Bewusstsein, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: In dieser Hausarbeit wird nach einer Darstellung des modalen Arguments von Saul Kripke gegen die Identitatstheorie Joseph Levines Argument der Erklarungslucke nachskizziert und anschliessend eine eigenstandige Diskussion zum Problem der phanomenalen Begriffe gefuhrt. Dabei werden die beiden Argumente ausfuhrlich ausgebreitet, so dass sich diese Arbeit vor allem als eine Einfuhrung fur Studenten in die Qualia-Problematik, aus Sicht von Saul Kripke und Joseph Levine, eignet

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2006 im Fachbereich Soziologie - Individuum, Gruppe, Gesellschaft, Note: 1,3, Universitat Regensburg (Institut fur Soziologie), Veranstaltung: Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft - Gemeinschaft oder Gesellschaft?, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Das Hauptaugenmerk dieser Arbeit liegt auf der bekanntesten aller Utopien, gleichsam den Prototypen dieser literarischen Gattung, namlich der Utopia" von Thomas Morus. Nach einer Skizzierung des Lebenslaufs des Autors und einer kritischen Zusammenfassung des Inhalts des Werkes, werden die sozialstrukturellen Elemente des Gemeinwesen Utopias mit denen der Gesellschaft des fruhneuzeitlichen Englands verglichen, welche Morus mit seiner Schrift anprangern wollte. Am Ende der Hausarbeit werden die Kritiken einiger Autoren, die sich gegen Utopien im allgemeinen richten, darlegt und zu zeigen versucht, welche dieser genannten Kritikpunkte auf Utopia zutreffen.

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2008 im Fachbereich Soziologie - Wissen und Information, Note: 1,0, Universitat Regensburg (Institut fur Soziologie), Veranstaltung: "Wissenssoziologie: Uber die Standortgebundenheit des Denkens," Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: 1981 entwirft Jurgen Habermas mit der Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns" eine neue kritische Gesellschaftstheorie. Habermas nimmt unter anderem an, dass in die Lebenswelt der Menschen immer mehr systemische Imperative eindringen, die Lebenswelt also immer starker rationalisiert wird. Der Ausweg aus dieser Situation liegt fur Habermas in einer Starkung der kommunikativen Vernunft. Rationales Argumentieren ist die Basis, die es den Mitgliedern einer Gesellschaft erst ermoglicht, Wahrheit zu finden, um anschliessend gemeinsam zu handeln und somit gesellschaftliche Veranderungen herbeizufuhren. In dieser Hausarbeit soll in das Habermassche Diskursmodell eingefuhrt sowie die Probleme, mit denen die dem Konzept zugrundeliegende Konsenstheorie der Wahrheit konfrontiert ist, erlautert werden