The growing use of U.S. and multilateral economic sanctions -- and the increasing and controversial attention such measures are attracting internationally -- create a need for a detailed legal analysis of the subject and its policy implications for both U.S. practitioners and their counterparts in other countries. The expanding field of sanctions is especially worthy of close scrutiny as it generates significant (and often inadvertent) influence on finance and trade. Increasingly, lawyers and business people involved in international transactions must take account of the risks, both actual and potential, inherent in compliance with economic sanctions on trading partners. This major new work, a completely revised successor edition to the author's much-cited Economic Sanctions and U.S. Trade, shifts the main emphasis from the mechanics of applying foreign policy objectives to a careful and complete articulation of what those goals are or ought to be -- an approach that leads inevitably to a concrete methodology for assessing the effectiveness of sanctions. In the process the book examines such salient characteristics of the current and developing sanctions regime as the following: + the growing prominence of U.S. Congressionally-mandated sanctions programs; + the complex interaction of economic sanctions and trade policy; and + the marked increase in multilateral sanctions programs in which the U.S. is a participant. In-depth analysis of major U.S. sanctions programs (those imposed on Cuba, Libya, and Iraq, as well as several other lesser programs) presents numerous hypothetical but realistic international scenarios, demonstrating their working-out under the practical application of specific elements of each sanctions program. In this way U.S. Economic Sanctions: Theory and Practice provides the clearest, most explicit view of the legal contours and effects of this enormously significant aspect of international relations today.

Economic Sanctions highlights the leading legal scholarship of the past 12 years on the theory and practice of international economic sanctions. Michael P. Malloy, an internationally recognized specialist in the subject, discusses current challenges concerning the use of sanctions as tools of anti-terrorism policy and human rights enforcement as well as the controversy over the effectiveness of sanctions. He also explores horizon issues like the use of sanctions in support of environmental policy, health and safety, and cyber-safety.